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- W2327837528 abstract "There is by now a large literature on the topic: Forces and National Modernization. Since the 1960s, to the rather general and speculative treatment of the subject has been added significant cross-national aggregate data studies that attempt to correlate military rule with various socioeconomic and political indicators.' There is also a growing number of in-depth case studies that explore the nature of military rule and the consequences of military rule. Although these case studies are uneven and still suffer from the difficulty of carrying out interviews with officers, noncommissioned officers, and enlisted men, not to say carrying out systematic surveys of armed forces personnel, many make important contributions to our knowledge of military regimes.2 There have also been a number of recent attempts to make comparative studies of a limited number of military regimes in order to look at common themes and to try to isolate critical variables through the methodology of comparative case studies.3 In this last category it is welcome that serious attempts have been made to treat civil-military relations in communist systems in a comparative perspective, for although we have had available for some time studies of the military in individual communist systems, especially the Soviet Union and China,4 studies that compare communist systems with one another and/or with developing countries have been of more recent vintage.5 Finally, the 1970s continued to abound in works that attempted to provide analysis of military regimes in whole regions6 or that even more broadly examined the phenomena of military rule in historical and contemporary perspectives.7 Work carried out in the 1970s refined knowledge about civil-military relations and military intervention, rule, and extrication. The availability of specialized journals devoted to the study of armed forces, such as Armed Forces and Society and the Journal of Military and Political Sociology in the United States, gave further impetus to scholarly work.8 But it does not seem to me that the work of the mid-1970s and early 1980s alters general conclusions in the study of the military and modernization, although this work does point us in some new directions. We had come to realize that defining modernization as a dependent variable remained highly contentious. Much of the literature has been addressed to asking: what are the impacts of the military as ruler or as important actor and interest group of national modernization. Various analysts defined modernization in their own fashion, some stressing quantifiable variables such as industrialization, GDP structure or rate of growth, ratios of animate to inanimate energy sources. Others stressed quantifiable variables pertaining to social structure-levels of literacy, ur-" @default.
- W2327837528 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2327837528 date "2019-03-04" @default.
- W2327837528 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
- W2327837528 title "Armed Forces and National Modernization: Continuing the Debate" @default.
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- W2327837528 doi "https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429033216-2" @default.
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