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• W2327900979 abstract "Seasonal diets of 5 cattle and 3-5 tame white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) on 3 subunits of a rotationally burned, continuously grazed longleaf pine (Pinus palustris)-bluestem (Andropogon spp.) range in Louisiana are compared with diets of these same deer on 3 similarly managed ungrazed subunits. Forage-class use by deer was more affected by burning than grazing, except during winter. Winter diets were affected by grazing, with deer selecting more herbage and less browse on grazed than on ungrazed sites. February burning reduced diet overlap substantially during spring. Within the 1st year after burning, diet overlap averaged 21.5, 11.2, 19.6, and 30.9% during spring, summer, fall, and winter, respectively. J. WILDL. MANAGE. 50(4):707-713 Woodland ranges dominated by longleaf and slash pines (P. elliottii) and bluestem grasses occupy about 2 million ha of the southern Coastal Plain. Timber production has been the primary use of these forests, but integrated management for timber, range, and wildlife is increasing. Guidelines have been developed for integrated forestry and cattle management (Byrd et al. 1984), but deer and cattle interactions only recently have been examined (Mitchell 1980, Thill 1984a). Many woody plants eaten by cattle are preferred deer foods (Goodrum and Reid 1955). However, cattle subsist primarily on grasses on longleaf-slash pine sites (Thill 1985), whereas deer consume mostly browse, fruits, forbs, and fungi (Lay 1969). Prescribed burning is an integral part of southern range management, but its effects on deer and cattle interactions have not been determined. One burning system consists of subdividing a pasture by firelines into >3 burning units and burning a different unit each year. Because cattle prefer the most recent burn, each burning unit receives varying degrees of use annually, depending on how recently it was burned (Duvall and Whitaker 1964). Our objectives were: (1) to determine the extent of seasonal diet overlap between deer and cattle as influenced by rotational burning and (2) to compare diets of tame deer on areas subjected to moderate yearlong cattle grazing and no cattle grazing for 25 years. W. R. Thacker, R. D. Herrick, S. D. Thacker, and many temporary employees assisted in raising deer and collecting data. W. P. Clary, J. C. Huntley, C. E. Lewis, and H. A. Pearson reviewed earlier drafts of the manuscript. STUDY AREAS The study was conducted on adjacent pastures on the Longleaf Tract, Palustris Experimental Forest, Kisatchie National Forest, 3.2 km north of Glenmora, Louisiana. Both pastures were divided by firelines into 3 burning subu its, each about 18 ha. Subunits are design ted EA, EB, and EC in the east (grazed) pasture and WA, WB, and WC in the west (ungrazed) pasture. Both pastures had been control-burned at 2-5-year intervals just prior to spring greenup since 1959. All subunits were burned in 1975. Subunit EB was burned in 1979 and all west pasture units and EC were burned in 1980. EA and WA were burned in 1981, EB and WB in 1982, and EC and WC in 1983, all in late February. Grazing pressure in the east unit had declined in recent years. Yearlong stocking from April 1971 through March 1974 at 1 cow/6-8 ha resulted in 66% herbage use and 10% browse use (Pearson 1976). Cattle were removed for nearly 4 years and then restocked from fall 1977 through 1980 at about 1 cow/19 ha. From 1981 through 1983, stocking was reduced for this study to about 1 cow/29 ha to achieve 35% average herbage use over the subunits. Because cattle prefer recent burns, use there averaged 46%, compared to 29 and 26% on the 2and 3 year-old burns, respectively. The west unit had not been grazed by livestock since 1956. The overstory on both units is a natural stand of 2nd-growth longleaf pine averaging 13.4 m2/ ha basal area (Thill 1984a). Current-year growth of hardwoods, shrubs, and vines to a height of 1.5 m averaged 401 and 468 kg/ha on grazed and ungrazed units, respectively. The fall her-" @default.
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• W2327900979 date "1986-10-01" @default.
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• W2327900979 title "Deer and Cattle Diet Overlap on Louisiana Pine-Bluestem Range" @default.
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• W2327900979 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/3800987" @default.
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