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- W2327903954 abstract "ion means that SGML does not attempt to preempt the creativityand controversies--that are an inevitable part of text representation; instead SGML ensures that the results of this creativity can be expressed in a common language. One might say that, contrary to some misconceptions on this point, SGML does not require agreement on substantive issues of text representation, but rather it makes it possible to express and communicate agreement, where agreement exists-and to communicate disagreement, where disagreement exists. Following the instructions in the SGML standard, one can prepare a Type for each genre (type in SGML terminology) of document one is dealing with, spelling out what objects may occur in each genre of document, what markup tags will be used to represent them, and what the syntax or grammar of each object is. A text that is tagged according to these specifications is a Instance. The technique for specifying these syntactical constraints is similar to the production rule meta-grammar invented by Noam Chomsky to describe natural languages. In fact the description of a document in SGML has many similarities to the description of a sentence in structuralist grammars. For example, a Document Type Definition for verse might define a syntactically valid poem (of a particular kind) as consisting of exactly one title followed by exactly one body (a body as consisting of at least one stanza, a stanza as consisting of at least one line, and a line as consisting of exactly two half lines). The mathematics of such formal definitions is well-understood, having been much studied in linguistics and mathematics; this formalism provides exactly the sort of map of text structure needed by the computer in order to intelligently organize and manipulate textual information. TEI--The Text Encoding Initiative Although the advantages of using descriptive markup to identify text objects for general text processing, typesetting, and publishing are wellunderstood, the natural extension of this approach to scholarly research and the creation and analysis of textbases has, until recently, received much less attention. But literary scholars need to perform many procedures that require the systematic reference to specialized content objects. They will want to ask, for instance, whether two words ever occur in the same prosodic line, or in the same stanza, or the same poem. Scholars want as much information as possible included in a textbase, but they need this information represented in a format that will support mechanical processing, so that they can exploit the power of computer technology. In addition, these files must be usable on a wide range of operating systems and by a wide range of software application programs--problems with nonstandard or proprietary formats are depressingly familiar to most computing schol-" @default.
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- W2327903954 date "1994-01-01" @default.
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- W2327903954 title "Theory and Practice: The Textbase Methodology of the Brown University Women Writers Project" @default.
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