Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2328052033> ?p ?o ?g. }
- W2328052033 endingPage "370" @default.
- W2328052033 startingPage "353" @default.
- W2328052033 abstract "Abstract. Major revolutions in energy capture have occurred in both Earth and human history, with each transition resulting in higher energy input, altered material cycles and major consequences for the internal organization of the respective systems. In Earth history, we identify the origin of anoxygenic photosynthesis, the origin of oxygenic photosynthesis, and land colonization by eukaryotic photosynthesizers as step changes in free energy input to the biosphere. In human history we focus on the Palaeolithic use of fire, the Neolithic revolution to farming, and the Industrial revolution as step changes in free energy input to human societies. In each case we try to quantify the resulting increase in energy input, and discuss the consequences for material cycling and for biological and social organization. For most of human history, energy use by humans was but a tiny fraction of the overall energy input to the biosphere, as would be expected for any heterotrophic species. However, the industrial revolution gave humans the capacity to push energy inputs towards planetary scales and by the end of the 20th century human energy use had reached a magnitude comparable to the biosphere. By distinguishing world regions and income brackets we show the unequal distribution in energy and material use among contemporary humans. Looking ahead, a prospective sustainability revolution will require scaling up new renewable and decarbonized energy technologies and the development of much more efficient material recycling systems – thus creating a more autotrophic social metabolism. Such a transition must also anticipate a level of social organization that can implement the changes in energy input and material cycling without losing the large achievements in standard of living and individual liberation associated with industrial societies." @default.
- W2328052033 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2328052033 creator A5034901338 @default.
- W2328052033 creator A5055349498 @default.
- W2328052033 creator A5066057430 @default.
- W2328052033 date "2016-04-22" @default.
- W2328052033 modified "2023-10-01" @default.
- W2328052033 title "Revolutions in energy input and material cycling in Earth history and human history" @default.
- W2328052033 cites W118618891 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1506354302 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1510304919 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1535930814 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1554646649 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1567277510 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1571298011 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1623428606 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1666242565 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1702778418 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1803673662 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1873929109 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1882925259 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1928991461 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1937644529 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1963630768 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1966803474 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1968662453 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1970132751 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1971679234 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1972615373 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1979543252 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1982807603 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1984113581 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1987022312 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1988323425 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1991612932 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1993522292 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1994046946 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1994211429 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W1994458501 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2000496027 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2000840648 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2005219124 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2005307596 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2009220677 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2015038363 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2016597099 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2017541733 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W20181848 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2018661040 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2019839279 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2021217385 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2023114157 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2028502628 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2030161835 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2030714377 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2031938753 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2033896999 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2034320900 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2038887223 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2044735315 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2050863192 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2051137378 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2051997212 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2052479643 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2052989634 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2053989893 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2055654927 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2058299864 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2058786960 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2059261071 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2063083470 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2063490782 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2065687701 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2065795078 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2068937668 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2073922633 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2075403935 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2075746856 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2078730174 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2079758306 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2081246021 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2083455829 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2085436563 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2089410238 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2089754114 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2091875871 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2093345038 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2096347485 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2096885696 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2097793644 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2101206027 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2101548919 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2102200338 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2102348315 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2103488625 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2104839310 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2108403435 @default.
- W2328052033 cites W2113908401 @default.