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- W2330155645 abstract "Studies focusing on intensive acute swimming exercise effects on systemic immunity have showed an elevation in the number of leukocytes and lymphocytes and its subpopulations but also divisive findings concerning mucosal immunity. PURPOSE: to evaluate the response of systemic and mucosal immunity to a maximal swimming exercise. METHODS: A group of 10 well-trained male swimmers (17.4±1.9 yrs; 178±6.2 cm; 60±8.8 Kg) performed a swimming test at the beginning of a 4-month training cycle. Each subject swam an incremental 7×200 m front crawl set until exhaustion. Blood samples were collected from the fingertip after each 200-m swim for assessment of blood lactate concentration. Blood and saliva samples were collected before (6:30 a.m.) and after the swimming test, by standard procedures for posterior evaluation of leukocytes (cells.103.μL-1), total lymphocytes and lymphocytes subpopulations (cells.μL-1) CD3+ (total T), CD4+ (T helper), CD8+ (T cytotoxic), CD19+ (B cells) and CD16+ (NK cells) by flow cytometry; serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) by Cytometric Bead Array and salivary IgA (s-IgA), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleucine 6 (IL-6) by ELISA. s-IgA secretory rate (sr-IgA) was calculated from s-IgA values. Paired samples t test was used for the assessment of acute exercise comparing pre and post exercise values of each variable. The level of significance was set at p<.05. RESULTS: Swimming induced a significant increase of leukocyte (6.3 ± 1.4 / 13 ± 3.3), total lymphocyte (2709±573 / 5155±2059) counts,well as CD3+ (1980±484 / 3268±1297), CD16+ (322±86 / 1280±689), CD19+ (402±188 / 561±292) (for all, p<.01), CD4+ (1105±312 / 1580±742; p<.05) and CD8+ (719±147 / 1366±483; p<.05) subpopulations. A significant decline of the CD4+/CD8+ ratio (1.6±0.6 / 1.3±0.5; p<.01) ocurred. Serum IgA, s-IgA, srIgA, IFN-γ, TNF-α and IL-6 showed no variation. CONCLUSION: The observed lymphocytosis revealed disproportionate changes in the distribution of lymphocyte subsets, indicating a higher response of CD8+ than CD4+ lymphocytes. NK cells can also express CD8+, which may explain the superior responsiveness of NK and CD8+ cells and consequently the decline in CD4+/CD8+ ratio. Mucosal immunity levels remained unaltered." @default.
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- W2330155645 date "2011-05-01" @default.
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- W2330155645 title "Immune Changes Induced by a Maximal Incremental Swimming Test" @default.
- W2330155645 doi "https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000401344.88977.37" @default.
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