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• W2330571808 abstract "-Habenaria integra is considered rare in Louisiana and Mississippi and is excluded as a part of the Texas flora, the only record being based on misdetermination. Habenaria integra (Nutt.) Spreng. (Platanthera integra (Nutt.) Gray ex Beck.) is of interest because it has been included in the latest edition of the Federal Register (1980) concerning endangered or threatened plants. It is placed in the category for which the information available indicates a probable appropriateness for listing, but sufficient information is not available to determine the correct status. Interest in this orchid initially began upon collection and sighting of several specimens in west central Louisiana (prior to promulgation of the above mentioned Federal Register), then finding data concerning the plant in the areas treated very sparse and, as it turns out, inaccurate. The present paper is intended to clarify the distribution of this orchid in the western part of its range and comment on its rarity. Hopefully, it will provide additional information needed to assess its status as a rare, endangered, or threatened plant. The study is based on examination of herbarium specimens, a review of pertinent literature, and limited field observations. Illustrations and other data concerning the plant are available in Correll (1950), Correll and Correll (1972), and Godfrey and Wooton (1979). Photos are in Luer (1975). In the works mentioned, the distribution is generally given as . .. along the coast, south New Jersey to north central Florida, west to Texas, also in east central Tennessee. The new Jersey distribution was first cited ... .as rare and nearly extinct... by Fernald (1950). Data from herbarium labels indicate the plant is confined to intensely acidic, wet, boggy savannahs and pine barrens; Sphagnum bogs; or similar areas of wet, acid soil. The distribution map (Fig. 1) was prepared from the localities from which I examined a voucher (solid dots) or were presented by other competent authority. The list of exsiccata is in abbreviated format and is intended only to document accurately this study. Exact locations are not presented in hopes of preventing unnecessary collection of this rare orchid. Full citations are available from the author on a need to know basis. The occurrence of H. integra in each of the three states will be discussed in turn, from east to west. Mississippi was included in the study to obtain a better perspective of the western distribution of the orchid. Judging from the number of herbarium specimens alone, it appears to be the westernmost part of the orchid's range for which it can be expected with any degree of regularity. McDearman (1982) presents the most recent treatment of the genus in Mississippi. Habenaria integra is considered rare and has the most restricted range of E SOUTHWESTERN ATURALIST 28(4):451-456 DECEMBER 9, 1983 This content downloaded from 157.55.39.181 on Thu, 29 Sep 2016 05:49:01 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms The Southwestern Naturalist FIG. 1.-Documented distribution of Habenaria integra in Louisiana and Mississippi. The open circle represents a report by McDearman (1982). any Habenaria in the state (Fig. 1). It is noteworthy that the most recent collection of H. integra I have examined from Mississippi was collected in 1962 (McDaniel, 3364) (IBE!) with about half of the others being collected prior to 1900. Critical review shows the current literature concerning Habenaria integra in Louisiana to be totally inadequate. Pridgeon and Urbatsch (1977), in the latest work concerning the orchids of cite the plant as occurring in southern based on the distribution given by Correll (1950) and Luer (1975). A specimen was not seen nor was exact distributional data given. Theiret (1972) included the orchid in his checklist of the monocotyledons of but stated in personal communication that its inclusion was based on Solymosy (1963). Solymosy's paper, Orchids of Louisiana, is, as best can be determined, not generally known to botanists since it is not cited in Sundell's (1979) bibliography of Louisiana botany or by Pridgeon and Urbatsch (1977). Solymosy provides keys and descriptions to all native orchids known in Louisiana at that time but does little to clarify the occurrence of H. integra. He does not cite specimens, present distributional data, give references, or otherwise state the source of his information. The initial documentation of this orchid in Louisiana is given by Ames (1910) and is based on Drummond, s. n. (AMES! OXF!) from near Covington, St. Tammany Parish. The Drummond specimen has three plants on it, the center one is H. nivea (Nutt.) Spreng., the other two are H. integra. This mixture was most likely caused by those in London responsible for preparation and distribution of Drummond's collections, it being 452 vol. 28, no. 4 This content downloaded from 157.55.39.181 on Thu, 29 Sep 2016 05:49:01 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms Holmes-Distribution of Habenaria integra unlikely to confuse the plants in the field (where Drummond pressed them, Hooker, 1834). Also possible is that Drummond may have been short of pressing paper and put the two together with the intention of later separating them, but failed to do so. The only other documentation located is provided by Correll and Correll (1941) in which their 9663 (AMES! DUKE!) from Beauregard Parish is cited. Holmes, 3956 (IBE, NATC), the most recent collection, does establish that the plant is still extant in Louisiana and probably more widespread, though very rare, in favorable habitats in the extreme southeast and the western part of the state (Fig. 1). The occurrence of Habenaria integra in Texas is based on a single collection by Thomas Drummond from an unknown location, but doubtless, according to Correll and Johnston (1970) in boggy savannahs or prairies in the southeastern part of the state. In the same work, these areas are said to be centered in Jasper, Newton, and Tyler counties. In an attempt to determine where Drummond could have collected H. integra, it is necessary to trace his path of botanical exploration in Texas. Although he did not keep field notes, his travels are easily reconstructed from the very detailed letters to William Jackson Hooker. These letters were later published by Hooker (1835, 1836). An account, including a map detailing his travels, along with commentary, is also presented by McKelvey (1955) and another account by Geiser (1930). This brief summary is taken from all" @default.
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• W2330571808 title "The Distribution of Habenaria integra (Nutt.) Spreng. (Orchidaceae) in Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas" @default.
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