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• W2330731214 abstract "Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder characterized by repetitive episodes of partial or complete collapse of the upper airway during sleep leading to apnea and hypopnea. The interactions among the rising epidemics of obesity, OSA, and type 2 diabetes are likely to be complex and involve multiple pathways. Epidemiological studies have shown that OSA increases the risk for cardiovascular disease and metabolic disturbances, such as insulin resistance and may link OSA to vascular morbidity. The treatment of choice for OSA is continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. The CPAP device generates a positive pressure in the upper airways via a breathing mask, preventing airway collapse, apneas, and sleep fragmentation, thus providing a more restful sleep without intermittent hypoxia and recurrent arousals from sleep. Methods: The authors characterize patients followed in a Sleep Apneia outpatient clinic, in a retrospective analysis of 8 years. The study identifies key comorbidities and the use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in a database of 539 patients undergoing polysomnography. Sample characteristics are age, sex, BMI, hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes. The evaluation of the use of NIV and degree of OSA was according to the AHI second index. Patients without a diagnosis of OSA were excluded. Results: 77.55% are men and 22.45% are women, mean age was 60 years; 442 patients with OSA: 10.4% with mild OSA (AHI 5–14/h), 28.5% with moderate OSA (AHI 15–30/h) and 61.1% with severe OSA (AHI >30/h). In patients with severe OSA the predominant risk factors are: obesity (79%), hypertension (76%) and type 2 diabetes (27%). Hypertension was identified in 77.6% of the patients; obesity in 93.2%; dyslipidemia in 28% and DM2 in 25.8% of the patients. Dyslipidemia was identified in 28% of all patients, being more common in the severe OSA group. Use of NIV: 76.92% CPAP, 20.59% BiPAP, 2.49% without NIV. CPAP was used with high levels of compliance. Conclusion: The authors identified obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes as major risk factors for this sleep disorder. These are responsible for the more severe acute episodes of sleep-disordered breathing including arrhythmias and death. Treatment involves elimination of contributing factors. Long-term treatment with CPAP reduces both mortality and the acute blood pressure elevation that occurs with OSA. Resolution of symptoms with therapy also appears to be associated with enhanced compliance. In these study there was good compliance of patients wearing the CPAP." @default.
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• W2330731214 date "2013-10-01" @default.
• W2330731214 modified "2023-10-14" @default.
• W2330731214 title "Retrospective study: 8years of obstrutive sleep apnea analysis" @default.
• W2330731214 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2013.08.151" @default.
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