FRINK Linked Data Fragments server

Matches in SemOpenAlex for { <https://semopenalex.org/work/W2332362012> ?p ?o ?g. }

• W2332362012 endingPage "361" @default.
• W2332362012 startingPage "361" @default.
• W2332362012 abstract "At the apex of foreign policy making in all governments or ruling parties are actors with the ability to commit the resources of the government and the power to prevent other entities within the government from reversing their position-the ultimate decision unit. Although this decision unit may change with the nature of the policy problem and with time, its structure will shape a government's foreign policy. In this paper we propose three types of decision units: predominant leaders, single groups, and multiple autonomous actors. Each of these exists in one of several conditions that help to determine whether the decision unit affects foreign policy largely through the pre-existing knowledge, beliefs, and style of those participating in the unit (a self-contained unit) or whether factors outside the decision unit must be taken into consideration in understanding the results of the decision-making process (an externally influenceable unit). The hypotheses that self-contained units will engage in more extreme foreign policy behavior than externally influenceable units and that single group decision units will show more extreme foreign policy behavior than those comprised of multiple autonomous actors are examined using data from twenty-five nations during the decade from 1959 to 1968. Who makes foreign policy decisions? What is the effect of the decision unit on foreign policy? An examination of how governments and ruling parties around the world make foreign policy decisions suggests that authority is exercised by an extensive array of different entities. Among the decision units are prime ministers, presidents, politburos, juntas, cabinets, inter-agency groups, coalitions, and parliaments. Moreover, within any one government the pertinent decision units often change with time and issue. When cross-national comparisons of governmental decision-making bodies are contemplated, as in the comparative study of foreign policy, the number of possible kinds of decision units becomes formidable. This essay examines one way of classifying decision units, showing how it enhances our ability to differentiate and account for governments' behavior in the foreign Author's Note: This research was funded by a National Science Foundation grant (SES-8618438), the Mershon Center, and the Ohio State University Instructional and Research Computing Center. We would like to thank Greg Peacock for his help with the data analysis as well as Bahgat Korany, Roy Licklider, Jerel Rosati, and Harvey Starr for their thoughtful comments on earlier drafts of the paper." @default.
• W2332362012 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2332362012 creator A5036816115 @default.
• W2332362012 creator A5062025841 @default.
• W2332362012 date "1989-12-01" @default.
• W2332362012 modified "2023-10-11" @default.
• W2332362012 title "Who Makes Foreign Policy Decisions and How: An Empirical Inquiry" @default.
• W2332362012 cites W1269877475 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W1509660953 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W1526866867 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W1534440879 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W169492249 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W1969711146 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W1975273460 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W1981556635 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W1982890017 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W1989314580 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W1991109946 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2011487925 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2034640785 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2036916520 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2040477599 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2051718275 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2073776016 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2095509899 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2120225354 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2128203031 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2128398900 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2140755090 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2171301064 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2316197409 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2317985917 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2334695290 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W248157545 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2586418023 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2795504231 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W2799088120 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W386986494 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W569971099 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W578001264 @default.
• W2332362012 cites W580096264 @default.
• W2332362012 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/2600518" @default.
• W2332362012 hasPublicationYear "1989" @default.
• W2332362012 type Work @default.
• W2332362012 sameAs 2332362012 @default.
• W2332362012 citedByCount "194" @default.
• W2332362012 countsByYear W23323620122012 @default.
• W2332362012 countsByYear W23323620122013 @default.
• W2332362012 countsByYear W23323620122014 @default.
• W2332362012 countsByYear W23323620122015 @default.
• W2332362012 countsByYear W23323620122016 @default.
• W2332362012 countsByYear W23323620122017 @default.
• W2332362012 countsByYear W23323620122018 @default.
• W2332362012 countsByYear W23323620122019 @default.
• W2332362012 countsByYear W23323620122020 @default.
• W2332362012 countsByYear W23323620122021 @default.
• W2332362012 countsByYear W23323620122022 @default.
• W2332362012 countsByYear W23323620122023 @default.
• W2332362012 crossrefType "journal-article" @default.
• W2332362012 hasAuthorship W2332362012A5036816115 @default.
• W2332362012 hasAuthorship W2332362012A5062025841 @default.
• W2332362012 hasConcept C111472728 @default.
• W2332362012 hasConcept C120936955 @default.
• W2332362012 hasConcept C138885662 @default.
• W2332362012 hasConcept C162324750 @default.
• W2332362012 hasConcept C17744445 @default.
• W2332362012 hasConcept C199539241 @default.
• W2332362012 hasConcept C93377909 @default.
• W2332362012 hasConcept C94625758 @default.
• W2332362012 hasConceptScore W2332362012C111472728 @default.
• W2332362012 hasConceptScore W2332362012C120936955 @default.
• W2332362012 hasConceptScore W2332362012C138885662 @default.
• W2332362012 hasConceptScore W2332362012C162324750 @default.
• W2332362012 hasConceptScore W2332362012C17744445 @default.
• W2332362012 hasConceptScore W2332362012C199539241 @default.
• W2332362012 hasConceptScore W2332362012C93377909 @default.
• W2332362012 hasConceptScore W2332362012C94625758 @default.
• W2332362012 hasIssue "4" @default.
• W2332362012 hasLocation W23323620121 @default.
• W2332362012 hasOpenAccess W2332362012 @default.
• W2332362012 hasPrimaryLocation W23323620121 @default.
• W2332362012 hasRelatedWork W1502198272 @default.
• W2332362012 hasRelatedWork W2017253227 @default.
• W2332362012 hasRelatedWork W2017540542 @default.
• W2332362012 hasRelatedWork W2070552577 @default.
• W2332362012 hasRelatedWork W2748952813 @default.
• W2332362012 hasRelatedWork W2795935673 @default.
• W2332362012 hasRelatedWork W2899084033 @default.
• W2332362012 hasRelatedWork W3033787850 @default.
• W2332362012 hasRelatedWork W4232931172 @default.
• W2332362012 hasRelatedWork W657388406 @default.
• W2332362012 hasVolume "33" @default.
• W2332362012 isParatext "false" @default.
• W2332362012 isRetracted "false" @default.
• W2332362012 magId "2332362012" @default.
• W2332362012 workType "article" @default.