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- W2334073463 abstract "Sedimentologic evidence for paleobathymetty, like paleontologic evidence, is largely indirect in that it mostly reflects processes and conditions that are themselves partly depth-dependent. Sedimentologic approaches can be a useful adjunct to paleontology for interpreting paleodepths, particularly in relatively shallow water. Pleistocene deposits of the Merced Formation on the San Francisco Peninsula, California, provide an excellent opportunity to demonstrate the methods, value, and difficulties of the sedimentologic approach. Distinction between subaerial and subaqueous deposition can be drawn on the basis of eolian structure, paleosols, and other sedimentary features. The spacing of symmetric ripples relative to their grain size and lenticular laminae of heavy minerals may be useful for identifying deposition in very shallow water. The boundary between intertidal and subtidal deposits serves to establish ancient sea-level positions. The boundary is reflected by the upward transitionsfrom cross-bedded sand (nearshore facies) to planar-bedded sand (foreshore facies) in open-coast deposits, and from laminated sand andlor mud (subtidal channel bank facies) to bioturbated sand andlor mud (intertidal flat facies) in the deposits of coastal embayments. Where the physical setting (i.e., wave energy, sediment input, etc.) can be reasonably reconstructed, paleodepths in shelffacies are indicated by the maximum depth of cross-bedding and gravel deposits generated by the effects of shoaling waves, the contact between shelf sand and mud, and the deepest occurrence of shell lags. In Pleistocene shelf deposits of the Merced Formation on the San Francisco Peninsula, California, these depths are placed at 10 + 5 m, 60 + 10 m, and 100 + 20 m, respectively, based on their inferred depth on the modern central California shelf. At greater depths the sedimentologic approach loses resolution and reliability. Interpretations based on the distribution of turbidites, evidence of anoxic conditions, and calcium carbonate compensation depths and lysoclines are probably most useful for establishing paleodepth in a relative sense only. Integration of the sedimentologic and paleontologic approaches carries a high potential for improving our ability to determine paleobathymetry. INTRODUCTION" @default.
- W2334073463 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2334073463 date "1988-10-01" @default.
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- W2334073463 title "Sedimentologic Approaches to Paleobathymetry, with Applications to the Merced Formation of Central California" @default.
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- W2334073463 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/3514723" @default.
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