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- W2334127850 abstract "Objective: To develop a model of how diet-induced cell membrane stiffness might impact cell membrane mechanotransduction and cause hypertension. Methods: Literature search. Results and Conclusions: Compared to diets of 10,000 years ago to which humans are evolutionarily suited, modern diets have increased membrane stiffening components such as long-chain saturated and trans-fatty acids1. Increased vascular stiffness, as measured by pulse wave velocity, is associated with increased incidence and severity of hypertension. As one of the determinants of arterial stiffness, vascular smooth muscle tone is regulated by many factors including endocrine signals as well as nitric oxide, salt, oxidant stress, and mechanical stimulation through cell stretch and calcium signaling. It is generally believed that mechanotransduction in endothelial cell membranes is initiated at the local force-membrane interface by inducing local conformational changes or unfolding of membrane-bound proteins, followed by a cascade of diffusion-based signaling in the cytoplasm2,3. Because the arterial intima functions as a sensor, blood pressure homeostatic response might be modulated by the flexibility of endothelial membranes. Factors that stiffen cell membranes (such as salt, trans-fatty acids, and sympathetic neurohormones) might restrict protein conformational shift and invoke an inappropriately high contraction response and increased blood pressure. Factors that increase membrane flexibility (such as polyunsaturated fatty acids) might heighten the sensitivity of endothelial membranes to stretch. Similarly to a diaphragm pressure transducer in a barometer, if the diaphragm material is stiff, the signal is attenuated; conversely, a flexible diaphragm makes the instrument more sensitive to pressure." @default.
- W2334127850 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2334127850 date "2012-09-01" @default.
- W2334127850 modified "2023-10-05" @default.
- W2334127850 title "93 DIET-INDUCED ENDOTHELIAL STIFFNESS, MECHANOTRANSDUCTION, AND ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION" @default.
- W2334127850 doi "https://doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0000419918.39172.af" @default.
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