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• W2334170859 abstract "We observed mapped individuals of three species of Botrychium Sw. at a single site in Waterton Lakes National Park, Alberta for six years. Our study showed that the interspecific sterile hybrid, B. xwatertonense W.H. Wagner and its putative parents, B. hesperium Maxon & R.T. Clauson and B. paradoxum W.H. Wagner, are stable, unique genotypic entities. For B. hes- perium and B. Xwatertonense, the degree of sporophore pinnation and the number of trophophore pinnae are plastic characters with much of the observed variation explained by the size of the plants. Although B. Xwatertonense is reported to be sterile, most sporophytes appeared more than 4 cm from other conspecifics, indicating that they are probably not produced vegetatively. Mean height of B. Xwatertonense was greater than that of either of its parents, indicating hybrid vigor. Many members of the Botrychium subg. Botrychium are considered rare (Lellinger, 1985). Nine species in the continental United States are can- didates for listing as threatened or endangered species under the Federal En- dangered Species Act of 1973 (USDI-Fish and Wildlife Service, 1993), and nine species are listed as rare in Canada (Argus and Pryer, 1990). Often rare species occur together with more common species in genus (Wagner and Wagner, 1983). However, these communities are natural common garden experiments and can be a tool to evaluate the discreteness of conge- neric species growing together. Species that maintain their morphological dif- ferences in communities are evidence that these differences are genet- ically fixed. The sterility of interspecific hybrids is additional evidence of ge- netic differentiation between the parent species (Wagner and Wagner, 1983). Members of Botrychium are often difficult to differentiate because the plants are simple and offer few characters for recognizing species (Cody and Britton, 1989). Furthermore, intraspecific variation in leaf shape within and among populations and among years is not well understood (Graham and Wagner, 1991). Keys to the taxa of Botrychium subg. Botrychium include sporophore and trophophore characters (Wagner and Wagner, 1986), but the range of vari- ation among species for these characters is often not known. The number of hybrids found in communities is usually very small (Wagner, 1991). One reason for the paucity of hybrids may be the low fre- quency of intergametophytic fertilizations (Soltis and Soltis, 1986). However, at the B. Xwatertonense type locality studied by Wagner et al. (1984), almost 25% of the plants were sterile hybrids. The reason for this high frequency of" @default.
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• W2334170859 title "Observations of Botrychium Xwatertonense and Its Putative Parent Species, B. hesperium and B. paradoxum" @default.
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• W2334170859 doi "https://doi.org/10.2307/1547602" @default.
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