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• W2336002817 abstract "Plant tissue culture techniques have become vitally important for pursuing a wide range of fundamental and applied problems in research and development. The techniques encompass a variety of procedures used for specific pur poses. The growing of masses of unorganized ceDs (callus) on agar or in liquid suspension is widely employed in biochemical and growth studies (1-5). The culture of segments of stems, roots, leaves or of callus provides systems to study differentiation, morphogenesis and plant regeneration (6, 7). Shoot apex culture methods leading to plant regeneration have been adopted for plant propagation and production of virus free stock (8). The culture of anthers and pollen provides new approaches to haploid plant formation (9). Recently the technology has been extended to include the isolation and culture of plant protoplasts which are employed in fusion and somatic cell hybridization (10-13). The development of the various types of tissue culture has been based on empirical approaches, and some of the observations recorded in the literature may not be typical for plant cells. Differences in medium, environment, age, cell origin, and growth rates may explain the behavior of a particular line and need not represent a general characteristic of plant cells in culture. More uniformity in conditions of culture would assist in making data and observations more comparable. There are two factors in particular which govern the success of cell cultures: the expiant origin and the culture medium. In general the tissue from shoots or roots of seedlings, from nondormant buds, or from shoot tips offers the best materials for producing a friable callus. In cereals and grasses the mesocotyl or root tissues may be the most suitable for callus and eventually for suspension cultures. The composition of the medium is a determin ing factor for growth. In many of the earlier plant tissue culture experiments, the media de signed by White (14) were employed. These media contained the nutrients normally required by plant cells and are widely used especially for root cultures. However, the amounts particularly of nitrogen and potassium have since been found to be inadequate to sustain maximum growth of callus and cell suspension cultures (15, 16). The need for richer mineral salt mixtures was compensated for by adding yeast extracts, pro tein hydrolysates, amino acids, coconut milk or other organic supplements (17, 18). Other media have now been designed and are adequate for cell culture without addition of complex substances under most experimental conditions. The objective of this report is to pro vide some guidelines and to present information and suggestions on various aspects of plant tissue culture media." @default.
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• W2336002817 date "2016-01-01" @default.
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• W2336002817 title "PLANT TISSUE CULTURE MEDIA1" @default.
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