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- W2336308416 abstract "There are striking differences between western and Chinese societies with regard to the functions that gifts fulfil in them. These differences have social and moral implications. Under the influence of Christianity and liberalism, the western tradition developed a strong notion of ”free gift,” or the gift which is spontaneous, disinterested, free of collective moral obligations and external social constraints. Its interactional role has been confined to a small circle of important relationships, or to charitable giving. The gift, seen by Westerners as an isolated event, has a weak relational function and a limited influence on social cohesion. In contrast, in the Chinese societies, the gift has traditionally served as a means of establishing and maintaining relationships. For the Chinese, gifts primarily carry moral obligations (to give, to receive and to reciprocate) ingrained in cultural values and assumptions. From such a perspective, gifts play an important role in sustaining relationships over a long period, and thus affect social cohesion. Western and Chinese societies also differ with regard to the ways they attempt to deal with bribery (corruption). In the West, combating bribery takes predominantly a legal form. Yet ascribing the responsibility of dealing with corruption only to the legal system has its limitations. The Chinese, on the other hand, have traditionally emphasized social and moral pressures as forces constraining corrupt behaviour. But as the traditional networks of relationships begin to break down, the social constraints turn out to be too weak to contain corrupt tendencies. The study demonstrates that, first, gifts and corruption are interrelated parts of complex relational and reciprocal phenomena, and second, the differing functions of gifts and approaches to dealing with bribery, as found in the western and Chinese traditions, are complementary. Finally, the suggestion is made that in combating bribery, a concerted modus operandi, based on the strengths of both western and Chinese approaches, is the right way forward." @default.
- W2336308416 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2336308416 date "2008-01-01" @default.
- W2336308416 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2336308416 title "Social and Moral Functions of Gifts and the Issue of Corruption: Western and Chinese Perspectives" @default.
- W2336308416 doi "https://doi.org/10.6272/jhe.2008.02.4" @default.
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