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- W2337444672 abstract "The first 12 volumes of the Index Medicus, first published in 1879 as “a monthly classified record of the current medical literature of the world”, consisted of 20 169 articles, 4781 of which came from American publications, 4608 French, 4027 German, 3592 English, 1210 Italian, 703 Spanish, and 1248 from other countries.1Garrison FH The Quarterly Cumulative Index Medicus.Bull Med Libr Assoc. 1928; 17: 11-13PubMed Google Scholar Science was, clearly, a multilingual affair at that time. This first medical database suffered some disruption until 1964, when the National Library of Medicine took responsibility of the database and developed the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System (MEDLARS). By then, half of all indexed articles (330 255 of 660 925, dated 1960–64) were written in the English language. The percentage of English articles has been increasing since then. In the 1970s, 67% of all articles indexed in MEDLINE were in English, this proportion had grown to 73% in the 1980s, 82% in the 1990s, and 89% in 2000–10. 2015 was a record year, with 96% of all 1 233 789 PubMed indexed articles published in English. Acceptance of this common language for medical sciences, however, has not been universal. When all articles from 2011–15 are considered, the Netherlands (the third largest publisher after the USA and the UK, and home of Elsevier) leads the way in Europe with 98·5% of its publications in English, followed by Switzerland (94%), Italy (90%), and Germany (88%). 81% of all articles published in the five Scandinavian countries are in English, but the proportions are lower in France (56%) and in Spain (44%). In Asia, 100% of Indian journals are published in English, as are 97% of Korean journals, whereas Japan (where 67% of journals are published in English) and especially China (33%) are some way behind. African and Middle Eastern journals are almost all published in English. In Latin America, Brazil (84% of articles published in English) is leading the way, with Colombia (29%), Mexico (26%), and Argentina (24%) somewhat behind. For non-English speakers, the dominance of a foreign language might be a barrier to biomedical science publication, but the ability to reach a wider audience without the need for skills in several languages to communicate with peers is, without doubt, a clear advantage. I declare no competing interests." @default.
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- W2337444672 date "2016-04-01" @default.
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- W2337444672 title "The language of biomedical sciences" @default.
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- W2337444672 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(16)30259-8" @default.
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