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- W2339895945 abstract "Pork is the most consumed meat worldwide. The breeding programs have been working towards a sustainable pig production improving reproduction traits, growth and meat quality traits. The genetic basis determining these complex and economically important production traits remains elusive not being fully understood. In the present thesis we pursue to clarify the molecular mechanisms that determine growth and meat quality traits. The functional role of FABP4 and FABP5 genes in determining the fatty acid composition in muscle and backfat tissues was evaluated. Animals inheriting the C allele for FABP4:g.2634_2635insC polymorphism showed higher intramuscular content of C16:0 and C16:1(n-7) fatty acids and, decreased content of C18:2(n-6) fatty acid and higher FABP4 expression in backfat. Moreover, FABP4:g.2634_2635insC was located inside a PPARG binding site suggesting a role of this nuclear receptor in the regulation of FABP4 gene expression. The FABP5:g.3000T>G SNP was the most significant marker for intramuscular percentages of C18:1(n-9), C18:2(n-6), and MUFA. However, this variant was not associated with FABP5 gene expression, being FABP5 gene expression in muscle regulated by other genomic regions located on SSC4, SSC6, SSC9 and SSC13. Aiming to identify genes and pathways affecting the intramuscular fatty acid composition, the muscle transcriptome of two groups of pigs with extreme phenotypes for these traits was analyzed. A total of 131 genes mostly related to lipid metabolism pathways were identified as differentially expressed between groups. The functional analysis showed that animals with a higher content of PUFA presented low fatty acid and glucose uptake resulting in an inhibition of the lipogenesis. Gene-by-gene approaches used until now are limited when analyzing complex traits usually implying several genes with small effects; moreover, they ignore functional interactions. For this reason, we decided to apply a gene network approach based on SNP-by-SNP co-association analysis to explore growth, conformation and fatness related traits. From the resulting network formed by 513 nodes and 639 edges, three transcription factors PRDM16, ELF1 and PPARG were likely to be the major regulators of this network. Moreover, 54 genes identified within the network belonged to growth-related ontologies. Finally, with the aim to evaluate functional candidate genes affecting intramuscular deposition and fatty acid composition traits from previous studies of our group, the mRNA expression of 45 genes was measured in 114 animals. The eGWAS identified 241 eSNPs distributed in 18 eQTLs. Three out of 18 eQTLs presented cis-acting variants and 16 eQTLs showed trans regulatory effects. The results highlighted putative key regulators and improved our knowledge in the functional regulatory mechanisms implicated in these complex traits." @default.
- W2339895945 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2339895945 date "2015-10-19" @default.
- W2339895945 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
- W2339895945 title "Genetic dissection of growth and meat quality traits in pigs" @default.
- W2339895945 hasPublicationYear "2015" @default.
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