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• W2342001199 abstract "The characteristic feature of esophageal motor activ­ ity is an orderly peristaltic contraction which passes from the upper esophageal sphincter through the striated and smooth muscle portions of the esophageal body, and terminates in closure of the lower esophageal sphincter. I. 2 The voluntary act of swallowing is the usual stimulus for initi~tion of esophageal peristalsis, and in addition the presence of a bolus within the esoph­ ageal lumen can produce a contraction pattern in the esophageal body that closely resembles that initiated by swallowing. 3. 4 For esophageal peristalsis initiated by swallowing, or by a bolus within at least the upper esophageal lumen, there is convincing evidence that the primary control mechanism resides in a complex swal­ lowing center of brain stem nuclei and reticular forma­ tion. 2 , 3, 5-8 From this center a programmed sequence of efferent discharges passes to progressively aboral seg­ ments of the esophageal striated and smooth muscle body. However, stimulation of the isolated whole esoph­ agus directly or via the vagus nerves can also result in the peristaltic progression of a contraction along the smooth muscle esophagus.2.9 -11 Therefore, there is an intrinsic peripheral control mechanism in the wall of the smooth muscle portion of the esophagus which can function independently of the central control mecha­ nism. Activation of either the central or of the periph­ eral control mechanism results in a wave of excitation that proceeds aborally. The presence of two control mechanisms for peristal­ sis in the smooth muscle esophagus has raised a number of intriguing questions. (1) Is the peripheral control mechanism neurogenic, or myogenic, or a combination of both? (2) Is the peripheral control mechanism isolated to the smooth muscle esophagus, or can the striated muscle esophagus also be influenced by or participate in" @default.
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• W2342001199 date "1977-01-01" @default.
• W2342001199 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2342001199 title "PRO GRESS IN GASTROENTEROLO GY NEURAL CONTROL OF ESOPHAGEAL PERISTALSIS A conceptual analysis" @default.
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