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• W2343491855 endingPage "923" @default.
• W2343491855 startingPage "905" @default.
• W2343491855 abstract "Massive MIMO has been recognized as a promising technology to meet the demand for higher data capacity for mobile networks in 2020 and beyond. Although promising, each base station needs accurate estimation of the channel state information (CSI), either through feedback or channel reciprocity schemes in order to achieve the benefits of massive MIMO in practice. Time division duplex (TDD) has been suggested as a better mode to acquire timely CSI in massive MIMO systems. The use of non-orthogonal pilot schemes, proposed for channel estimation in multi-cell TDD networks, is considered as a major source of pilot contamination in the literature due to the limitations of coherence time. Given the importance of pilot contamination in massive MIMO systems, we provide an extensive survey on pilot contamination, and identify other possible sources of pilot contamination, which include hardware impairment and non-reciprocal transceivers. We review established theories that have analyzed the effect of pilot contamination on the performance of massive MIMO systems, particularly on achievable rates. Next, we categorize the different proposed mitigation techniques for pilot contamination using the following taxonomy: pilot-based approach and subspace-based approach. Finally, we highlight the open issues, such as training overhead, deployment scenario, computational complexity, use of channel reciprocity, and conclude with broader perspective and a look at future trends in pilot contamination in massive MIMO systems." @default.
• W2343491855 created "2016-06-24" @default.
• W2343491855 creator A5011548698 @default.
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• W2343491855 creator A5032695531 @default.
• W2343491855 creator A5048258952 @default.
• W2343491855 creator A5055724232 @default.
• W2343491855 date "2016-01-01" @default.
• W2343491855 modified "2023-10-09" @default.
• W2343491855 title "A Comprehensive Survey of Pilot Contamination in Massive MIMO—5G System" @default.
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