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- W2346353643 abstract "Homeostasis of tissue p02 and pco2 requires that pulmonary gas exchanges be matched by an adequate cardiac output and an appropriate distribution of the regional blood flows. This is achieved through the coordination of the various respiratory motor outputs (phrenic, intercostal, abdominal, laryngeal, pharyngeal, and bronchiomotor) with those governing vasomotion (sympathetic and cardiova gal). This chapter reviews some of the mechanisms responsible for the generation of a coordinated respiratory and sympathetic outflow. The related problem of how the cardiovagal parasympathetic output is matched to the respiratory activity will not be examined here (for reviews see Feldman and Ellenberger, 1988; Spyer and Gilbey, 1988; Richter and Spyer, 1990). Three levels of cardiorespiratory integration can be distinguished. The first persists in the complete absence of visceral and somatic inputs and in midcollicular decerebrate preparations. It represents the interaction (and/or partial identity) between the lower brain stem network, which generates the sympathetic vasomo tor output sympathetic generator; CSG), and that which generates the respiratory outputs. In this chapter the distinction will not be made between respiratory rhythm generation and respiratory pattern generation (Feldman et al., 1990). The combined networks responsible for both will be called CRG respiratory generator). The second level of cardiorespiratory integration repre sents the coordinated regulation of the CSG and CRG by a long list of visceral and somatic inputs that affect both simultaneously (bulbar reflexes). The third level of integration (central command mechanisms) represents the coordinated regula tion of the respiratory and vasomotor outputs by suprabulbar structures in accordance with specific behavioral patterns (feeding, defence reaction, etc.). Only the first two aspects will be examined." @default.
- W2346353643 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2346353643 date "1992-01-01" @default.
- W2346353643 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2346353643 title "8 athetic Integration in the Medulla Oblongata" @default.
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