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• W234675779 abstract "Introduction I. Historical Perspective of Corporate and White Collar Crime II. Economic Disparities are Reflected in Criminal Justice Policies III. Language Does Matter IV. Mortgage Fraud V. Comparison to the Savings and Loan Crisis VI. Victimization, Mortgage Fraud, and Drug Offenses Conclusion INTRODUCTION are the We are the 99%! This quote has become the rallying cry of the Occupy Wall Street movement, which has spread across the globe. (1) The Occupy Wall Street movement has highlighted the wealth discrepancy in the United States and the factors that led to the Great Recession. (2) Simultaneously, the subject of white collar and corporate crime has escalated in recent years. Criminal justice policy and focus has turned the public's attention toward this field of law, raising numerous concerns about fairness within the criminal justice system. The way white collar offenders are investigated, charged, prosecuted, and sentenced demonstrates a dual system of justice that many view as unfair. As the rich get richer, the poor do indeed get prison. (3) The discrepancies in the treatment of various types of crimes raise fundamental concerns about our definitions of crimes and our reasons for punishment. In Part I, I explain the historical underpinnings of white collar and corporate crimes and why this category of criminal activity was viewed and treated differently within our criminal justice system. Part II examines the economic disparities within the criminal justice system that flow from our perceptions of who the offenders are and what type of criminal activity is being committed. (4) Not only are the Occupiers on Wall Street angry at economic inequity, but many of them believe the government should be more aggressive in prosecuting the crimes perpetrated by the Wall Street elite. Part III demonstrates why language matters in our discourse on crimes. The way we define criminal conduct affects the public perception which, in turn, can affect the way that legislators enact statutes, the way that prosecutors exercise discretion, and the way judges sentence criminals. Part IV looks at mortgage fraud and how this type of fraud is at the heart of the economic meltdown and current fiscal crisis. Part V compares the Savings and Loan crisis of the 1980s and points out that the government response was much more aggressive than what we are witnessing today with the financial meltdown. Part VI points out that the victims of mortgage fraud suffer many of the same harms as do victims of drug distribution networks. Instead of funneling resources into a War on Drugs, perhaps we should focus on a War on Greed. Finally, I propose that we should discard the language of white collar and corporate crime if it means that we will treat mortgage fraud more seriously. I posit that the mortgage fraud crisis should be viewed under the lens of the criminal law standards rather than civil remedies. By shifting our language, we can place mortgage fraud in the context of real crimes and deal with these widespread offenses in the serious manner that they deserve. This change can result in a shift in government resources, much as we did to fight the War on Drugs in the 1980s. (5) I. HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE OF CORPORATE AND WHITE COLLAR CRIME The treatment of criminal activity where the offender has no mind to think (no mens rea) and no body to act or imprison (no actus reus) in the corporate arena explains some of the historical roots of our approach to addressing crimes in the white collar field. Since the corporation does not fit into the common law definition of a criminal, courts and the legislature initially excluded corporations from the scope of criminal actors or activity. This view began to change in the early part of the last century, but we maintain these vestiges of disparate treatment today. By common definition, the field of white collar crime encompasses both corporate crimes and individual crimes perpetuated within and outside of corporate structures. …" @default.
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• W234675779 date "2016-01-01" @default.
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• W234675779 title "Victimization on Main Street: Occupy Wall Street and the Mortgage Fraud Crisis" @default.
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