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- W2346868546 abstract "Teachers’ knowledge for technology integration – conceptualized as technological pedagogical content knowledge, or TPACK (Mishra & Koehler 2006) – is difficult to discern, much less assess. Given the complexity, situatedness and interdependence of the types of knowledge represented by the TPACK construct, well-triangulated ways to assess demonstrated technology integration knowledge are needed. In 2009, three of the authors created and tested a rubric that was found to be a valid and reliable instrument to assess the TPACK evident in teachers’ written lesson plans (Harris, Grandgenett & Hofer 2010). We have now also developed a TPACK-based observation rubric that testing has shown to be robust. Seven TPACK experts confirmed the rubric’s construct and face validity. The instrument’s interrater reliability coefficient (.802) was computed using both Intraclass Correlation and a percent score agreement (90.8%) procedure. Internal consistency (Cronbach’s Alpha) was .914. Test-retest reliability (score agreement) was 93.9%. The rubric is available online at http://activitytypes.wm.edu/Assessments. Assessing Teachers’ TPACK The specific nature of teachers’ knowledge is notoriously difficult to discern, much less assess, with accuracy (Shulman 1986). It is situated, socially constructed, and highly complex (Shulman 1987; Putnam & Borko 2000). Yet if we choose to use a construct such as TPACK (Mishra & Koehler 2006) to conceptualize teachers’ technology integration knowledge, we need valid and reliable strategies and instruments to assess that knowledge in the many forms in which it appears. Recently, researchers have begun to use TPACK as a framework to explore multiple ways to understand and assess teachers’ knowledge for technology integration. Data from self-reports (e.g. survey responses), interviews, and classroom observations, along with documents (e.g., preservice teachers’ journal entries), and other artifacts (e.g., samples of K-12 students’ work) have been analyzed – often alone, but increasingly in combination – in researchers’ attempts to describe and appraise teachers’ TPACK. Many recent TPACK assessments are based primarily upon survey data, whether focused on teachers’ technology proficiency (e.g., Ward & Overall 2010), selfefficacy (e.g., Lee & Tsai 2010), technology adoption concerns and/or stages (e.g., Williams, Foulger & Wetzel 2010), perceptions of necessary knowledge (e.g., de Ovierira & Romero 2010; Robertshaw & Gillam 2010), or evaluations of TPACK-based learning experiences (e.g., Zhou, Zhang, Li & Zhao 2010). Several have been based upon content analyses of teachers’ written reflections, such as assigned journal entries (e.g., Hechter & Phyfe 2010) and responses to instructional dilemmas (e.g., Graham, Burgoyne & Borup 2010). Increasingly, multiple-method assessments of teachers’ technology integration knowledge have been attempted in an effort to uncover and understand more of the complexity inherent in the interdependence and situatedness of the TPACK construct. Studies of experienced teachers’ TPACK by Niess & Gillow-Wiles (2010) and Mueller (2010), for example, used individual interviews, observations of teaching, and a variety of self-report and self-assessment surveys, along with samples of student work (Mueller) and teachers’ portfolios and online discussions (Niess & Gillow-Wiles) to help researchers to better understand the multiple dimensions of participating teachers’ curriculum-based technology integration knowledge. Stoilescu and McDougall’s (2010) ethnographic study of mathematics teachers’ technology integration incorporated similar data types and sources, but in a more immersive and contextually-based way typical of modern anthropological research. Jaipal and Figg’s (2010) multiple case study of two groups of preservice teachers triangulated data sources and types extensively, combining multiple individual interviews with each participant, multiple instructional observations and debriefings, responses to both structured and open-ended survey items, and analysis of lesson plans to determine the “characteristics of teacher knowledge for planning and implementing technologically-enhanced...instruction” (p. 3868)." @default.
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- W2346868546 date "2011-01-01" @default.
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- W2346868546 title "Testing a TPACK-Based Technology Integration Observation Rubric" @default.
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