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- W2350698910 abstract "X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to investigate the chemical state and chemical environment of colour-induced metal cations in deep green,blue green,light green and pink tourmaline samples.The results show that both green and pink tourmaline samples contain Fe,Mn,Ti and Cr,but no Li and Be.Being Fe3+,Mn4+,Ti4+ and Cr3+ respectively,the metal cations in different coloured tourmaline samples have the same chemical states,but they have different coordinated ions.Although varied Fe contents have been found in the green tourmaline samples,part of Fe coordinates with F,occupying the Y position of the crystal structure,while no Fe has been found to coordinate with F in the pink tourmaline sample,all Fe in them occupying the Z position of the crystal structure.In the pink tourmaline sample Mn has been found to bond with F,occupying the Y position,but in the green tourmaline sample most of the Mn bonds with O and only minor Mn coordinates with F.Fe and Mn in the tourmaline crystals are all in the state of Fe3+ and Mn4+,and the charge transfer between the cation pairs is unlikely to take place.Thus the colour of tourmaline is probably induced due to the absorption of d—d transition and charge transfer between oxygen and metal cations(O2—M),especially due to the different chemical environment,such as coordination with different ions,impurity,and structure distortion." @default.
- W2350698910 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2350698910 date "2011-01-01" @default.
- W2350698910 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2350698910 title "Chemical States of Colour-induced Cations in Colourful Tourmaline" @default.
- W2350698910 hasPublicationYear "2011" @default.
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