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- W2357126848 abstract "Proagopertha lucidula Fald. is one of the most important insect pests infesting the shelterbelt forests in northeastern China. Its host plants include about thirty species belonging to eighteen genera and eleven families. The adult beetle is very destructive to poplars and willows.Ecological factors have great influence on the number of the adults emerging in the fields. Avid for flowers and young leaves they successively ravage their host plants according to the time of flowering and foliation. At Changwu in western Liaoning the temporal sequence of their damage is as follows: Salix flavida → Salix matsudana → Pyrus spp. → Populus simonii→ Popidus canadensis.The adult beetles become active and appear on the ground surface when the temperature of the top soil is higher than 12 ℃ and the mean of the atmospheric temperature approaches to 11℃. At the beginning, they come out every day when the temperature attains about 20℃ and return to the ground at evening. As soon as the minimum and the mean of daily temperature reach 8° and 20℃ respectively, they will remain on the tree and do not go down into the soil again.Among their natural enemies, the insectivorous birds Lanius cristatus lucionensis and Oriolus chinensis diffusus Sharpe may he mentioned.This scarabaeid has one generation a year; the adult overwinters under the ground and appears in the fields from the middle of April to the end of May. The egg-laying begins early in May, and the female lays 10 to 30 eggs (21 eggs on average) in the top soil layer 0 to 30 cm below the surface. The incubation period of the eggs takes about 20 days and the larvae hatch at the end of May. The larval stage possesses three instars: the first instar lasts for 23.51 ± 2.17 days, the second instar 11.92 ± 3.14 days and the third instar 28.49 ± 4.85 days. The whole larval stage takes 63.93 ± 6.08 days.The optimal soil temperature for the activity of the larvae is between 20° and 21℃.The mature larvae dig to a depth of 80 to 120 cm below the ground surface where they pupate. The pupal stage takes 15.88 ± 1.35 days." @default.
- W2357126848 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2357126848 date "1973-01-01" @default.
- W2357126848 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
- W2357126848 title "OBSERVATIONS ON THE BEHAVIOUR OFPROAGOPERTHA LUCIDULA FALD.(COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE)" @default.
- W2357126848 hasPublicationYear "1973" @default.
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