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• W2360154997 abstract "Vol. 116, No. 1 PerspectivesOpen AccessLorenzo Tomatis 1929–2007 James Huff and Ronald Melnick James Huff Search for more papers by this author and Ronald Melnick Search for more papers by this author Published:1 January 2008https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.116-a16Cited by:1AboutSectionsPDF ToolsDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InReddit On Friday, 21 September 2007, in Lyon, France, we lost a great human being, a staunch advocate for public health, a thorough and delving scientist, and a humanitarian par excellence. Lorenzo Tomatis, MD, above all, was a learned teacher and creative innovator. His accomplishments are legion, and his far-reaching impact on human health, including the well-being of future generations, will be impossible to replace. Tomatis was clearly a true pioneer and admired leader in primary disease prevention. He stands tall among other giants and trailblazers of environmental health science and public health advocacy including Cesare Maltoni, Norton Nelson, David Rall, and Irving Selikoff. At the same time, Tomatis was respected, admired, and loved by his colleagues and fellow public health advocates as a man whose warmth, humor, strength, and sweetness were as compelling as his command of science.During his tenure at the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Tomatis was instrumental in creating what has come to be recognized and known as the monument of primary prevention of cancer: the IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk to Humans (also known as the “orange books”). Since 1972, when the first monograph was published, this series of nearly 100 volumes has provided objective evaluations of carcinogenicity on agents, mixtures, and exposure circumstances. Not only did Tomatis design and develop the IARC Monographs, he was a principal leader in the scientific community in recognizing the essential value of transplacental and transgenerational carcinogenesis and developing methodologies to determine the influence of early-life exposures. Then and over time, these innovations spurred further primary prevention strategies of action and additional experimental derivatives. As a champion of modern carcinogenesis bioassays, Tomatis led the difficult course of defining the applicability and utility of these experimental animal findings for preventing cancers in humans, especially in workers and children.Tomatis was born in Sassoferrato, Italy, and began his professional career upon graduating from the University of Turin with a degree in medicine in 1953, in hygiene and preventive medicine in 1955, and in occupational health in 1957. Tomatis recognized early on that, although he enjoyed serving the medical needs of individuals, his passion for fostering public health, merged with scientific undergirding, led him to new and different challenges. In 1959, newly arrived at the University of Chicago, he began studying occupational disease and became immersed in cancer research, particularly cancer causation. Almost immediately he recognized the obvious value and significance of preventing disease, particularly occupational cancers, rather than relying on the then-current direction of cancer diagnoses and treatment. His lifework was ultimately dedicated to this vital mission.In 1967, Tomatis moved to Lyon, France, as one of the first leadership employees of the newly established IARC. Upon arriving, he formed the Unit of Chemical Carcinogenesis. There he envisioned and began to effectuate more than a monolithic cancer research program—he insisted on a solid effort on primary prevention of cancer. His view on prevention came to fruition in 1972 with the publication of the first volume of the IARC Monographs. This public health breakthrough had instantaneous and, as we now know, enduring impact throughout the world. In fact, IARC quickly became known predominantly for the IARC Monographs, its most visible and useful product. This international recognition of the value and authority of the IARC Monographs was bolstered by the impartial and scientific process initiated by Tomatis for evaluating chemical carcinogens. Tomatis and IARC staff brought together working groups of independent scientists with vast knowledge of chemical carcinogenesis to evaluate the available information used to prepare the objective IARC Monographs.In January 1982, in recognition of his outstanding career and contributions in understanding cancer causation and prevention, Tomatis was elected by the World Health Organization (WHO) member nations as the second director of IARC. He was reelected and served as director for a full 12 years, until his retirement in December 1993. During his tenure at IARC, Tomatis and the international IARC staff developed a mutual respect and appreciation for each other and were unified in promoting the agency’s mission of improving public health through primary disease prevention. Upon retirement from IARC/WHO, he served as scientific director of the Institute of Child Health “Burlo Garofolo” in Trieste, Italy, from 1996 to 1999.Shortly thereafter, Tomatis joined the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) in North Carolina to focus on issues that he had little time to pursue while serving as the director of IARC. Under the International Scholar Program, Tomatis worked at the NIEHS for six summers, sharing his professional experience and writing important papers on environmental public health and prevention. During that time, he was also the chairman of the Scientific Committee of the International Society of Doctors for the Environment in Arezzo, Italy.Tomatis was born in Italy, worked in the United States, and spent most of his professional career in France; he was a person of immense global scientific and public health impact. Able to speak four languages—Italian, French, English, and German—Tomatis traveled the world to spread his undiluted message of primary prevention of diseases, especially cancer. He was as prolific as he was dedicated to protecting the environment, including workplaces and public health, and he was an early and long-standing champion of environmental and social justice. Much of his science is captured in 10 books and more than 350 scientific papers. Being a renaissance man, Tomatis also wrote books for the public based on his medical, scientific, and humanitarian experiences: The Unlimited Research 1974, Seen from the Inside 1981, Natural History of the Researcher 1985, The Laboratory 1993, The Reelection 1996, and The Refugee 2005.His gifts to humanity are well recognized in saved lives and a cadre of scientists influenced by his magnanimity, honesty, sense of ethics, and moral character. Most will remember Tomatis for his brilliance in science and public health thought, but he will more likely be venerated for his generosity and compassion. His heroic scientific determination and his adventurous spirit and love of people inspired Tomatis to live life to its fullest. He is survived by his wife, Delia, in Trieste, and their son, Paolo, who lives and works in Rome.His gifts to humanity are well recognized in saved lives and a cadre of scientists influenced by his magnanimity, honesty, sense of ethics, and moral character.Selected Publications of Lorenzo TomatisTomatis L, Della Porta G, Shubik P. 1961. Urinary bladder and liver cell tumors induced in hamsters with o-aminoazotoluene. Cancer Res 21:1513-151713921711. Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Terracini B, Shubik P. 1962. Effect of a single application of croton oil in skin carcinogenesis. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 109:18-2013921712. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L. 1963. Studies in subcutaneous carcinogenesis with implants of glass and Teflon in mice. Acta Unio Int Contra Cancrum 19:607-61114050617. Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Magee PN, Shubik P. 1964. Induction of liver tumors in the Syrian golden hamster by feeding dimethylnitrosamine. J Natl Cancer Inst 33:341-34514207850. Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L. 1965. Increased incidence of tumors in F1 and F2 generations from pregnant mice injected with a polycyclic hydrocarbon. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 119:743-74714328993. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Cefis F. 1967. The effects of multiple and single administration of dimethyl-nitrosamine to hamsters. Tumori 53(5):447-4514294790. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Goodall CM. 1969. The occurrence of tumours in F1, F2, and F3 descendants of pregnant mice injected with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene. Int J Cancer 4(2):219-2255347285. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Turusov V, Terracini B, Day N, Barthel WF, Charles RTet al.. 1971. Storage levels of DDT metabolites in mouse tissues following long term exposure to technical DDT. Tumori 57(6):377-3965148163. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Partensky C, Montesano R. 1973. The predictive value of mouse liver tumour induction in carcinogenicity testing—a literature survey. Int J Cancer 12(1):1-204597860. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Turusov V, Charles RT, Boicchi M. 1974. Effect of long-term exposure to 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene, to 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane, and to the two chemicals combined on CF-1 mice. J Natl Cancer Inst 52(3):883-8914826570. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Hilfrich J, Turusov V. 1975. The occurrence of tumours in F1, F2 and F3 descendants of BD rats exposed to N-nitrosomethylurea during pregnancy. Int J Cancer 15(3):385-390166933. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L. 1976. The IARC Program on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man. Ann NY Acad Sci 271:396-4091069530. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarMontesano R, Tomatis L. 1977. Legislation concerning chemical carcinogens in several industrialized countries. Cancer Res 37(1):310-316137076. Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Ponomarkov V, Turusov V. 1977. Effects of ethylnitrosourea administration during pregnancy on three subsequent generations of BDVI Rats. Int J Cancer 19(2):240-248190176. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Agthe C, Bartsch H, Huff J, Montesano R, Saracci Ret al.. 1978. Evaluation of the carcinogenicity of chemicals: a review of the Monograph Program of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (1971 to 1977). Cancer Res 38(4):877-885346205. Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L. 1979. The predictive value of rodent carcinogenicity tests in the evaluation of human risks. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 19:511-530378109. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L. 1979. Prenatal exposure to chemical carcinogens and its effect on subsequent generations. Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 51:159-184384260. Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Cabral JR, Likhachev AJ, Ponomarkov V. 1981. Increased cancer incidence in the progeny of male rats exposed to ethylnitrosourea before mating. Int J Cancer 28(4):475-4787309291. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarBartsch H, Tomatis L. 1983. Comparison between carcinogenicity and mutagenicity based on chemicals evaluated in the IARC Monographs. Environ Health Perspect 47:305-3176337827. Link, Google ScholarTomatis L. 1985. The contribution of the International Agency for Research on Cancer to the prevention of cancer. Ann Ist Super Sanita 21(4):435-4383837994. Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L. 1986. Relation between mutagenesis, carcinogenesis and teratogenesis—experience from the IARC Monographs Programme. Prog Clin Biol Res 209B:3-123749088. Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L. 1989. Overview of perinatal and multigeneration carcinogenesis. IARC Sci Publ 96:1-152680943. Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Aitio A, Wilbourn J, Shuker L. 1989. Human carcinogens so far identified. Jpn J Cancer Res 80(9):795-8072513295. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Turusov VS, Cardis E, Cabral JP. 1990. Tumour incidence in the progeny of male rats exposed to ethylnitrosourea before mating. Mutat Res 229(2):231-2372320033. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Narod S, Yamasaki H. 1992. Transgeneration transmission of carcinogenic risk. Carcinogenesis 13(2):145-1511740003. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarYamasaki H, Loktionov A, Tomatis L. 1992. Perinatal and multigenerational effect of carcinogens: possible contribution to determination of cancer susceptibility. Environ Health Perspect 98:39-431486860. Link, Google ScholarTomatis L. 1994. Transgeneration carcinogenesis: a review of the experimental and epidemiological evidence. Jpn J Cancer Res 85(5):443-4548014100. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L. 1995. Limitations and inconsistencies in the approaches to cancer prevention. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen 15(6):277-2828732879. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Huff J, Hertz-Picciotto I, Sandler DP, Bucher J, Boffetta Pet al.. 1997. Avoided and avoidable risks of cancer. Carcinogenesis 18(1):97-1059054595. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L. 1997. Poverty and cancer. IARC Sci Publ 138:25-399353661. Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L. 2000. Etiologic evidence and primary prevention of cancer. Drug Metab Rev 32(2):129-13710774769. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Melnick RL, Haseman J, Barrett JC, Huff J. 2001. Alleged ‘misconceptions’ distort perceptions of environmental cancer risks. FASEB J 15(1):195-20311149907. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L. 2002. The IARC Monographs Program: changing attitudes towards public health. Int J Occup Environ Health 8(2):144-15212019681. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L, Huff J, Coleman WB, Tsongalis GJ. 2002. Evolution of research on cancer etiology. The Molecular Basis of Human Cancer: Genomic Instability and Molecular Mutation in Neoplastic TransformationTotowa, NJHumana Press Inc189-201. Crossref, Google ScholarTomatis L. 2005. Primary prevention of cancer in relation to science, sociocultural trends and economic pressures. Scand J Work Environ Health 31(3):227-23215999576. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L. 2006. Identification of carcinogenic agents and primary prevention of cancer. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1076:1-1417119190. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis L. 2006. Experimental chemical carcinogenesis: fundamental and predictive role in protecting human health in the 1930s–1970s. Eur J Oncol 11(1):5-13. Google ScholarHuff J, Lunn RM, Waalkes MP, Tomatis L, Infante PF. 2007. Cadmium-induced cancers in animals and in humans. Int J Occup Environ Health 13(2):202-21217718178. Crossref, Medline, Google ScholarTomatis LPath and difficulties of etiological research and of research in chemotherapy [in Italian]. Epidemiol Prev 31(4):175-17818019197. Medline, Google ScholarFiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited by Huff J and Melnick R (2012) Environmental Justice and Primary Prevention of Cancer: The Odyssey and Legacy of Lorenzo Tomatis, NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy, 10.2190/NS.22.1.b, 22:1, (7-17), Online publication date: 1-May-2012. Vol. 116, No. 1 January 2008Metrics About Article Metrics Publication History Originally published1 January 2008Published in print1 January 2008 Financial disclosuresPDF download License information EHP is an open-access journal published with support from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health. All content is public domain unless otherwise noted. Note to readers with disabilities EHP strives to ensure that all journal content is accessible to all readers. However, some figures and Supplemental Material published in EHP articles may not conform to 508 standards due to the complexity of the information being presented. If you need assistance accessing journal content, please contact [email protected]. Our staff will work with you to assess and meet your accessibility needs within 3 working days." @default.
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