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- W23604158 abstract "Optimizing refinery effluent treatment from an economic and process viewpoint typically requires an end-of-pipe treatment sequence in which the key element is secondary treatment. The objective of secondary treatment should be restricted to removal of soluble contaminants, despite the fact that the conventionally used activated sludge process (ASP) is versatile and can accomplish more. By limiting the function of the ASP to removal of soluble contaminants, ASP can be operated at sludge ages (SA) of 35+ days with no visual evidence of oily matter in mixed liquor tank or activated sludge mass and with excellent sludge settling properties. Operating at very high SA maximizes removal of contaminants, minimizes generation of waste sludge and provides a treatment system with maximum stability. Restricting the objective of secondary treatment to the removal of soluble contaminants means that pretreatment to remove colloidal and suspended matter is a prerequisite. Dissolved air flotation (DAF) units and filters are widely used in this service. Typically, however, the physical function of this equipment for phase separation is stressed and, therefore, optimum performance is not achieved. The key to obtaining optimum performance from DAF units and filters lies in chemical pretreatment of water; design of equipment being secondary whenmore » proper engineering guidelines are adhered to.« less" @default.
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- W23604158 date "1976-05-01" @default.
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- W23604158 title "Optimize the effluent system. III. Electrochemistry of destabilization" @default.
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