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• W236520006 abstract "Abstract An empirical model to examine economically optimal nitrogen fertilizer rates for winter wheat when nitrogen affects crop yield and crop price is presented. The results show that the ex post estimated economically optimal nitrogen rate for one of the two analyzed experimental sites was 33-43 kg ha^sup -1^ higher when the relationship between the protein concentration and the price is considered compared to the situation when constant wheat price was assumed. Not considering the wheat price-protein relationship resulted in an economic loss of 135-137 euro ha^sup -1^. Therefore, negative economic consequences of under-fertilizing seem to rise when quality and its effect on output price is considered on such fields. Key Words: nitrogen response functions, protein response function, valuing grain protein concentration, winter wheat, economic optimum nitrogen rates (ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.) Introduction Crop quality (e.g. the protein concentration in wheat) has a great impact on the achieved prices of commodities and sometimes it is even a prerequisite for market access. Therefore, producers are aware of the importance of crop quality for most of their products. Only few studies investigated crop quality response to applied nitrogen fertilizer and its economic consequences. Baker et al. (2004) determined profit-maximizing N fertilizer levels for hard red spring wheat (HRSW) for various wheat prices, nitrogen prices, and protein based price premium/discount structures. They used fertilizer response data for HRSW to estimate nitrogen and protein response functions, and found that high premium/discount structures lead to economically optimal N-rates for HRSW that are often higher than yield maximizing N-rates. In addition, they found that fertilizing to achieve 14% protein concentration was not always the profit maximizing strategy. In another study, Norton et al. (1997) estimated the economically optimal nitrogen rates of grass hay considering yield and protein concentration. Clark et al. (1991) included hay quality when deriving economically optimal fertilization rates for subirrigated meadow hay production. Van Tassell et al. (1996) calculated economically optimal nitrogen rates for sugar beets considering root yield and sucrose content, where the latter has an impact on the output price. The aim of this paper is to provide ex post estimates of economically optimal nitrogen rates for winter wheat when nitrogen affects both crop yield and crop price. Furthermore, the analysis should evaluate economic consequence of fertilizing without considering the protein response to nitrogen (i.e. protein concentration). This evaluation is important because mostly only the yield response to nitrogen is used to estimate economically optimal nitrogen rates without considering the price-protein relationship. These estimates may lead, under certain conditions, to misleading conclusions in terms of economically optimal nitrogen rates. The paper should show under which conditions this could be the case. Since the site-specific protein response to nitrogen can be gathered with near infrared sensors mounted in combine harvesters the results can be used to improve nitrogen recommendations. In addition the results may help to understand why farmers often tend to over fertilize. Data The grain yield and protein response functions to applied nitrogen fertilizer used for this study were obtained from N-rate field trials, which were conducted on 2 locations in South Germany in 2000, 2001 and 2002 (see Hege and Offenberger, 2002). Table 1 provides the climate and soil characteristics of the two experimental sites in Betzdenorf and Wolfsdorf. As it can be seen, the experimental site in Betzendorf is slightly less favourable in terms of precipitation, average temperature and soil value. It is important to note that on both experimental sites the production of high quality wheat is feasible. …" @default.
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• W236520006 date "2008-07-01" @default.
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• W236520006 title "Modeling Economic Optimum Nitrogen Rates for Winter Wheat when Inputs Affect Yield and Output-Price" @default.
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• W236520006 doi "https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.178235" @default.
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