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- W2368954134 abstract "Shoreline is located at the narrow zone where land meets sea.Although the coastal zone comprises less than 0.05% of the area of the landmasses combined,it has become the most critical part of the Earth's surface in terms of global economy,development and needs because nearly half of the global population lives within less than 100 km of the coastline.Therefore,shoreline situation investigation(namely,coastal zone comprehensive survey) is necessary and important for coast dwellers,developers,policy makers,researchers and managers in that background information and basic data of natural and social environments are critical for planning,reasonable strategies,and sustainable development.Two stages of the shoreline situation investigation programs in USA were carried out in 1970's and 2000's,respectively.With special reference to Tidewater Virginia,the purposes and goals,approaches,data collection and dissemination,structures and delivery media of published reports of the shoreline situation programs in USA are introduced in detail.During the first stage,the spatial scope of shoreline situation survey was determined as from 400 feet landward off coastline to 12 feet depth contour below mean ebb tide.The coastal zone was classified into three parts,fastland,shore and nearshore.Meanwhile,the purpose of shoreline situation investigation was clearly defined in 1970's as coastal zone management.Data sources for the first stage survey were side-view aero photos at 5-meter resolution.In 2000's,the characteristic function of coastal zone was strengthened by introducing a new chapter of to shoreline management into shoreline situation reports,by usage of 1-meter-pixel satellitic image as data sources,and by regulating updated period as 5 to 10 years.In the meantime,China launched a Comprehensive Coastal Zone Survey Program in 1980's,shortly after the first stage of shoreline situation program in USA.In 2003,an ambitious Coastal Sea Investigation and Research Project was approved by China Central Government,known as 908 Project,which includes a revised coastal zone survey program to address the problems of today.The range of coastal zone survey in 908 Project is much wider than that in USA,generally between 1 000 m landward off coastline and 0 m chart depth contour.The contents of China coast survey are comprehensive and ambitious,including coastline,geomorphology,sedimentology,geochemistry,biology,vegetation,economy and social statistics.Main sources of data will come from in-situ survey as well as satellitic images with quality as good as 5-meter resolution.Although huge data will be accumulated by 908 Project,one can not expect direct application of 908 Project report to coastal zone without further works of data interpretation.The experiences and advantages that China can learn from the shoreline programs in USA are discussed in two aspects.Firstly,the definition and classification of shoreline and the goal of serving coastal zone management,which were specified in the first stage of shoreline situation investigation carried out in 1970's in Virginia,are observed and followed in later stage of shoreline survey.The consistency in scientific steering and techniques ensures the success of shoreline situation survey,and indicates the importance of well-grounded scientific researches.Secondly,high-quality and fine-resolution data and applications of latest techniques are favorable to the accuracy of shoreline survey,making up-to-date shoreline situation reports possible and available." @default.
- W2368954134 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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- W2368954134 date "2008-01-01" @default.
- W2368954134 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
- W2368954134 title "Shoreline situation investigation in USA during the latest 30 years:An overview with special reference to the State of Virginia" @default.
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