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- W236938853 abstract "Two remarkable properties render Volvox, the spheroidal green alga, an outstanding model for investigating cellular differentiation and its molecular-genetic origins: First, Volvox is a multicellular organism showing the simplest kind of cytodifferentiation, the division of labor between only two types of cells, somatic and germ cells (gonidia). Second, Volvox and its simpler unicellular and colonial relatives, the volvocine algae Chlamydomonas, Gonium, Pandorina, Eudorina and Pleodorina, form an extant, coherent family of organisms with excellent promise for studies of the molecular evolution of multicellularity and cellular differentiation (Kirk, 1998; Schmitt et al. 1992). Sequence comparisons for 18S rRNA gene loci suggest that, although the green algae in the order Volvocales shared a common ancestor with higher plants, they constitute a separate lineage with Volvox at its apex that has long been separated from the lines leading to vascular plants and animals (Rausch et al. 1989). This is illustrated by a schematic phylogenetic tree shown in Fig. 1. On the basis of cytochrome sequence comparisons, Amati et al. (1988) estimated that lines leading to the green algae and to the higher plants diverged about 700-750 million years ago, about 500 million years after plants and animals had last shared a common ancestor. 'Molecular clock' methods applied to the rRNA data, and the number of silent exchanges observed in tubulin genes, led to an estimate that the evolution of Volvox carteri, a multicellular organism with complete differentiation of soma and germ line, from a Chlamydomonas-like unicellular ancestor may have occurred as recently as 35 million years ago (Rausch et al. 1989). This relatively late emergence of Volvox as a modern organism raises the possibility of tracing 7 Jpn. J. Protozool. Vol. 34, No. 1. (2001)" @default.
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- W236938853 date "2001-03-01" @default.
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- W236938853 title "Volvox carteri: Molecular Genetics of Cell differentiation" @default.
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