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• W237104504 abstract "ABSTRACT Teams are prevalent in high-tech entrepreneurial organizations. As the team approach becomes more popular in these high growth organizations, entrepreneurs must try to improve interpersonal team effectiveness. This study demonstrates the importance of team composition in team effectiveness. Specifically, it shows that demographic traits and demographic heterogeneity influence team interpersonal effectiveness. INTRODUCTION Small firms account for a considerable portion of the gross national product in the United States (Inman & Mehra, 1990). A significant number of these business ventures are being started by entrepreneurial teams (Watson, Ponthieu, & Critelli, 1995). Such team ventures offer a variety of benefits, some of which include improved performance, growth, survivability potential and success (Timmons, 1990). In spite of the growing importance, however, very little is known about assembling and maintaining entrepreneurial teams (Bird, 1989). Team building may become a part of the venture creation process by seeking the right kind of members (Kamm, Shuman, Seeger, & Nurick, 1990). Thus, information is needed to understand what composition of characteristics of team members would contribute to the effectiveness and success of a venture team. Demography refers to basic attributes such as age, sex, educational level, length of service, length of residence, race, and so forth of the social entity (Pfeffer, 1983). Several studies have been undertaken that examine top management team characteristics with respect to outcomes (Bantel, 1993; Bantel 8c Jackson, 1989). Although the findings of these studies have been significant, most of these studies have been conducted in medium to large organizations. Thus, in addition to improving the scope of these findings, focusing this research on small business would improve the understanding of the composition of characteristics of successful venture teams. As such, future team composition research needs to focus on small to medium sized firms (Hambrick, 1994). To examine the influence of group characteristics on organizational effectiveness, it is important to define effectiveness. Although there is no consensus on any single explanation, most descriptions of group effectiveness emphasize the significance of interpersonal processes within the team in determining effectiveness and performance. Given the gap in entrepreneurship literature, and a call for research on venture teams, the purpose of this study is to examine the effects of demographic characteristics on team interpersonal process effectiveness. THEORETICAL FOUNDATION Individual entrepreneurs do not always create and drive the venture process. New ventures are commonly started and run by entrepreneurial teams (Lau, 2000; Watson et al., 1995). These entrepreneurial teams are responsible for many of the major start-ups. The use of teams and work groups has gained substantial attention and importance in firms (Magjuka & Baldwin, 1991; Majchrzak, 1988). Currently, firms must become much more entrepreneurial and team oriented to survive and grow in a constantly changing environment. Reich (1987) argued that the United States economy that formerly encouraged individual entrepreneurial behavior no longer exists. Consequently, the entire organization must respond collectively to changes in the environment. Hence, teams are becoming integral parts of modern entrepreneurial firms (Cornwall & Perlman, 1990). Vesper (1993) suggested that teams have better odds for success than individual entrepreneurs, and that teams with a balance of talents are even more preferable. It is not just the existence of teams but the quality of teams within organizations is that important (Timmons, 1990). As the composition of individuals in a team sometimes determines its proper functioning, the composition member characteristics will determine, to a great extent, the effectiveness of the team (Slevin & Covin, 1992). …" @default.
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• W237104504 date "2002-03-01" @default.
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• W237104504 title "Demographic characteristics to consider for teaming up an effective high-tech entrepreneurial firm: Some empirical evidence" @default.
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