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• W2373260126 abstract "An environmental screening study was performed on organic pollutants in arable land where municipal sewage sludge is used as fertiliser. The study is part of the national environmental monitoring program run by the Swedish EPA. The major goals of the study were to:q Provide data on environmental levels of organic contaminants in soil and biota from arable land amended with sewage sludge.q Evaluate measured field levels of organic contaminants against previous results and model predictions.The study consists of a national program with a total of 48 samples. Samples were collected from two experimental arable fields in Skane: Igelosa and Petersborg, and two private farm fields, Taxinge and “Sormland”. The three first fields represent long time sewage sludge addition and the last field a first time sludge addition. Major matrix was soil (n=42), but also samples of sewage sludge (n=2), crops (n=3) and earthworms (n=1) were studied.The following substance groups were studied in all matrices except of earthworms; phthalates, LAS, alkylphenols, antibacterial substances (triclosan, triclocarban), musk compounds, organophosphates, perfluoroalkyls (PFOS, PFOA) and brominated flame retardants (PBDE). Musk compounds, perfluoroalkyls and brominated flame retardants were studied in earthworms.The study shows that PFOS, PBDE (47, 99, 100 and 209), galaxolide, tonalide and DEHP are enriched in sludge amended soils, as compared to control soils. There are also single indications that concentrations of DIDP, nonylphenol and TCPP may increase, but these observations are uncertain as they are not generally observed.The results indicate that the concentrations of certain contaminants increase with increasing sludge addition rate and that the impact primarily, but not exclusively, is in the upper most soil layers (0-0,3 m). Simple mass balance demonstrates that single additions of sludge will for many substances result in soil concentrations so low (sub μg/kg dw) that they cannot be detected at the analytical reporting limits used.When comparing model predictions with the present field data, PFOS and BDE-209 behaves as expected, i.e. they accumulate in soil upon repeated applications of sludge overtime. The general non-detects of alkylphenols, dibutylphthalate and LAS are also in agreement with predictions and earlier findings. The non-detects of organophosphates is difficult to evaluate because of relatively high analytical reporting limits compared to maximum expected levels. The general presence of galaxolide in the present sludge amended soils is however in contrast to model predictions. At three sites, galaxolide is enriched in amended soils relative to control fields. Whether galaxolide accumulates or not, following repeated applications, cannot be assessed from this data due to contradictory results. Earlier model predictions and degradation studies do, however, suggest that galaxolide should not accumulate but persist for about one year." @default.
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• W2373260126 date "2015-01-01" @default.
• W2373260126 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W2373260126 title "Screening of organic pollutants in sewage sludge amended arable soils" @default.
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