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• W2374055105 abstract "From morphological and ontogenetic points of view, an attempt was made to investigate the complex organization of the nervous system in Cipangopalndina chinensls. Specimens of three developmental stages were selected for investigation: (1) 2-whorled larvae, (2) 3-4 whocled larvae, and (3) 6-7 whorled adults. They resemble one another structurally not only in typical gastropod nerve ring with its arising buccal loop but also in the chiastoneury with its forming visceral loop and in the podal ladder with its anastomosis. There are, however, differences noted in detailed features. In the 6-7 whorled adult, 15 peripheral nerves arise from the left and right abdomino-intestinal connectives respectively; they are better developed than in the younger ones, but the region in which the osphradial nerves distributed is more expansive in 2-whorled larva than in adult.The distributions of the principal nerves in the 6-7 whorled specimens have been traced in detail and following descriptions are new records for Cipangopaludina chinensis.A nerve cord runs across the ventro-lateral margin of the cerebro-pleural connective and the cerebral ganglion, and joins the left and right moities of the ganglia at the mid-ventral portion. It is termed as pleural commissure.Being situated at the anterior portion of either ganglion, a rather short nerve trunk arising from the above mentioned pleural commissure, passes forward to the post-lateral corner of the cerebral ganglion and connects with the cerebro-podal Such a nerve trunk has not yet been described so far in gastropods. It is termed as pleuro-cerebro-podal connective. From this connective four labial nerves originate and extend forward beyond the anterior apex of the cerebral ganglion. It is different from the former description that the cerebral ganglion gives rise to these four labial nerves.The structure of the labial commissure is degenerated as a soly simple nerve, passing across the internal wall of the labium and joining with left and right labial nerves; and of that dialyneury, existing on either side of the body, the ganglion united to the opposite visceral nerve by anastomosis with the pallial nerve.The podal ladder consists of a pair of podal trunks with 6-7 commissures, different from that of Viviparus viviparus with only 3-4 (Simroth, 1881). The podal anastomosis similar in form to that of V. bengalemis (Annandale and Sewell, 1921), is formed by interior and exterior podal nerves ramifying over the anterior portion of the propodium.The nerve endings of the sensory, motor and sympathetic system which have not been heretofore described, are investigated, noted and shown is plates I-X, figures 1-11.Physiologically speaking, the sensory centre is mainly in the pharyngeal ring, the motor centre in the podal ganglia, while some sympathetic centres are diffused and located jn the supra-intestinal ganglion (for respiratory organs), in the left abdominal ganglion (for circulatory organs), in the right abdominal ganglion with its conjoining abdomino-intestinal connective (for digestive organs), and in the posterior half as long as the right abdomino-intestinal connective (for urogenital organs).In making comparisons with some species of the Order Archacogastropoda and Mesogastropoda, it has been found that the species C. chinensis still retains the podal ladder in a well-marked but rather generalized stage similar to that of Cydophorus ceylankus, Trochus sp. and Haliotis sp. (Butschli, 1887; Hanstrom, 1928; Morton, 1958), while both the pharyngeal ring and the dialyneury have developed to a rather advanced stage, similarly to that of Pomatias (=Cydostoma) elegans (Taylor, 1897)." @default.
• W2374055105 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2374055105 date "1963-01-01" @default.
• W2374055105 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W2374055105 title "COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM OFCIPANGOPALUDINA CHINENSIS (GRAY) AT THREEDEVELOPMENTAL STAGES" @default.
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