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• W2374838172 abstract "A forest's productivity can be optimized by the application of rules derived from monopolized circles. A monopolized circle is defined as the circle whose center is a tree and radius is half of the distance between the tree itself and its nearest neighbor. Three characteristics of monopolized circle were proved. (1) Monopolized circles don't overlay each other, so the nearest relationship is tangent. (2) “Full uniform pattern” means that the grid of a×b=N cover the whole plot, so that the distance between each tree in a row is the same as the row spacing. The total monopolized circle area with full uniform pattern is independent on the number of andπ4 times the plot area. (3) if a tree is removed, and the area of some trees' monopolized circles will be increased without decreasing the monopolized circle area of the other trees. According to the above three characteristics, “ uniform index ” is defined as the total area of monopolized circles in a plot divided by the total area of the monopolized circles, arranged in a uniform pattern in the same shaped plot.According to the definition of monopolized circle, the distribution of uniform index(L) is x~2(2n)2πn for a random pattern,(E(L)=)1π, the variance of L is D(L)=1nπ~2. It is evident that E(L) is independent on n and the plot area, so L is a relative index. L can be used to compare the uniformity among plots with different area and numbers of trees. In a random pattern, where L is equivalent to the tree density of the plot in which the number of is one and the area is π, the influence of tree number and plot area to L was eliminated. When n→∞, D(L)→0 and L→1π=0.318, which indicates that the greater the number of tree is in the plots, the smaller the difference between the uniform indices will be.There are three pattern types for describing tree distribution: aggregated, random and uniform. Since the distribution of L in the random pattern was derived, L can be used to test the pattern types. A 1.3 hm~2 plot, located in Moarshan National Forest Park, was investigated by precision measuring instruments. The whole plot for which the uniform index was calculated was separated into 6 parts whose uniform index were respectively calculated. It was concluded that the whole plot was aggregated pattern, the 1st, 3rd and 6th parts were aggregated pattern, and the 2nd, 4th and 5th parts were random pattern. None of the uniform indices preponderate over1π=0.318, which indicates that uniform patterns are rare in natural forests. The rules of uniform index can be applied to forest thinning. if you want to increase the value of uniform index, you must increase the total area of monopolized circles, which is done by removing select trees. Increasing area trees are the which being removed can increase the value of the uniform index. The tree that the distance between the tree itself and its second nearest neighbor is greater than 2 times the distance between the tree itself and its first nearest neighbor is a increasing area tree, which is called as 2 rule. It was very interesting to find that when 6 plots were randomly separated from the original plot, the proportion of increasing area in each plot was always about 0.5 without exception. In random pattern the expectation proportion of increasing area was derived as 0.35～0.44, which is different from the sampling value of 0.5, the cause is very difficulty to explain and awaiting further study. Two criteria can be used to identify which should be removed to increase the uniform index during forest thinning. Those should be (1)trees whose monopolized circle areas are on the small side, and (2) increasing area trees, which are found with the 2 rule." @default.
• W2374838172 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2374838172 date "2005-01-01" @default.
• W2374838172 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W2374838172 title "The 2~(1/2) rule for controlling the tree pattern in forest cutting" @default.
• W2374838172 hasPublicationYear "2005" @default.
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