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• W2387758913 abstract "We captured five species of bats in one cave in Jingnan town of Xingyi district in Guizhou Province, China, these bats were great evening bat (Ia io), Large mouse-eared bat (Myotis myotis), Pratt's leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros pratti), Little Japanese horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus cornutus) and Stoliczka's trident bat (Aselliscus wheeleri). We used the mist-net to capture these bats at the cave at 6:00 to 7:30 O'clock in the evening, then we carried these bats to the room where we used as a simple laboratory (6 m×5 m×3 m). We started recording these bats' echolocation calls when they accustomed to the situation of the laboratory. We also measured the weight, body length, forearm length, wing length and wing width of these bats at the same time. We received the bats' echolocation calls by the Ultra Sound Detector (U30, Ultra Sound Advice, UK), the signals were inputted to Ultra Sound Processor,in which the frequency of these sounds were transformed to 1/10 of the original signals frequency. Then we recorded these signals by the digital recorder (Sony, MD-1, Frequency range: 30~20 000 Hz). We analyzed the recording signals with the software (Cool Edit 2000, Syntrillium Ltd., USA) in the personal computer, the sample rate is 44 100Hz for these sound signals, the sonogram and the frequency-power graph were analyzed by this software. The bats' call duration, the interval of the bats' call, the duty-cycle (the call's duration takes up the total period of the call and its interval) and some other parameters were measured based on the analysis. We compared the echolocation characteristics of the five bats used the parameters that were put forward as before, the main results were referred in next part of the text. For the morphology compare, we measured the ratio of wing length to wing width (as a reference parameter for aspect ration, the square of wing span/wing area) and the ratio of body mass to forearm length (as a reference parameter for wing loading, the body mass/wing area). According to the echolocation and morphology comparison of the five bats, we can attain several conclusions as follow: (1) The great evening bat has lower FMF, multi-harmonics echolocation, large body, higher ratio of wing length to wing width and higher wing loading. Based on the research by other scientists, bats with narrow wing and high wing loading most were fast flyer, and their flying agility was not well. Neuweiler thought that the bats with multi-harmonics FM calls were adapted to forage in the open area between canopy or on the surface of foliage or ground. And the lower FMF was fitted to forage larger insects or prey at long distance. According to the analysis and our field observe, the great evening bat was most probably foraged larger prey on the surface by gleaning foraging or foraged larger insects in the open area between tree canopy. (2) The echolocation of large mouse-eared bat was multi-harmonics FM calls, but its FMF was higher than former, its call's duration was shorter than former. In addition, the mouse-eared bat had smaller body mass and length, relative broad wing shape and low wing loading. So it can be deduced that the mouse-eared bat adapted to fly with high agility, forage prey in near distance in more complex environment. The foraging strategy of mouse-eared bat was probably the second kind which suggested by Neuweiler, so the bat may has the gleaning foraging strategy on the surface of foliage or ground. The research results conducted by Arlettaz in field about the mouse-eared bat supported that the mouse-eared bat mainly preyed insects on the surface of forest ground or mellow ground. The results were matched with our analysis in this work. (3) The Pratt's leaf-nosed bat had short CF-FM, multi-harmonics echolocation; its FMF was relative high to its big body mass. And it had narrow wing shape, high wing loading, so it might fly in high speed, lower flying agility. CF signal was apt to detect wing-beating insect, and the multi-harmonics could afford the fine structure of prey and the detail information of the hab" @default.
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• W2387758913 date "2002-01-01" @default.
• W2387758913 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2387758913 title "The Echolocation Comparison and the Differentiation of Ecology Niche of Five Species Bats Live in One Cave" @default.
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