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• W238864423 abstract "EXAMPLES OF H. P. LOVECRAFT'S USE OF MOTIFS COMMON TO THE BURKEAN AND Kantian notions of sublimity abound in his fiction: phenomena whose principal characteristics are their formlessness, infinite expanse, or superhuman might; a subject's encounter with the negative or, put another way, symbolic presentation of what would be described in the fiction of a humanist as its noumenal self; and the limits of language (1) to represent adequately both the awe-inspiring spectacle and the subject's experience of the violation of the limits of being. Lovecraft's pronouncements on horror, the effect he aimed to convey in his stories, seem to encourage a sublime reading of his work. Cosmic horror--that fear and awe we feel when confronted by phenomena beyond our comprehension, whose scope extends beyond the narrow field of human affairs and boasts of cosmic significance--compels the expansion of the experiencing subject's imagination. Two recent studies, moreover, elaborate on the relevance of the Burkean and Kantian sublimes, respectively, in Lovecraft's myth cycle. In and the Burkean Sublime (1991), Dale J. Nelson defends the idea that cosmic horror is coeval with religious feeling in Burke. In and the Semiotic Kantian Sublime (2002), Bradley A. Will argues that the force of cosmic horror is based upon Lovecraft's presentation of the unknowable rather than merely the unknown in his fiction. Beyond superficial, thematic comparisons, however, can we really speak of sublimity in Lovecraft? Regarding the Burkean sublime in his fiction, does the subject's imagination partake in the ascending movement of the phenomenon in question, and is the phenomenon itself an index of a life-affirming notion of the absolute? With relation to the Kantian sublime, is the subject's supremacy over nature affirmed by its ability to reason in Lovecraft? In other words, is the sublime turn, a commonplace and pivotal aspect of the aesthetic category of sublimity, discernable in the Lovecraft Mythos? The pitfalls of both Nelson's and Will's essays hinge on this last question. While the strength of Nelson's analysis lies in its convincing elaboration of the pertinence of certain aspects of the Burkean sublime to Lovecraft's cosmic viewpoint, he is reluctant to acknowledge Burke's and Lovecraft's valorizations of objective properties that emphasize the heterogeneity of the experiencing subject. (2) This in turn leads him to provide an interpretation of the sublime in Lovecraft that fails to account satisfactorily for the experiencing subject, and uncritically conflates the religious awe attendant on Burkean sublimity with Lovecraft's antihumanist category of cosmic horror. Although Will's essay develops a more thorough examination of the aesthetics of the sublime in question (Kantian) and its manifestation in Lovecraft's fiction, it nevertheless presents significant lacunae that any analysis of the Kantian sublime in Lovecraft must answer: What does the sublime mean to an atheist who denies not only the humanistic context of Kant's Idealist position, the a priori structure of cognition on which Kant bases his epistemology, and the idea of the noumenal, but, more importantly, the notion of free will upon which our relation to the noumenal is contingent? If, as Will contends, demands that we recognize our own limitations and our relatively insignificant place in the cosmos (20), then this recognition in Lovecraft is not counterbalanced by an awareness of our moral vocation, which, in Kant, places us above nature. In Lovecraft, the subject suffers from a violation of its sense of self, but it is graced with no consolatory understanding of the human condition to mollify its fragmented psyche. With its identity and the foundations of its culture destroyed, the subject who experiences cosmic horror always succumbs to one of three comparably dreadful fates, judging from the standpoint of a balanced, rational mind: insanity, death, or the embracing of its miscegenated and no longer human condition. …" @default.
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• W238864423 date "2008-09-22" @default.
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• W238864423 title "Cosmic Horror and the Question of the Sublime in Lovecraft" @default.
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