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• W2388729884 abstract "The use of herbicides in China has increased faster than that of insecticides and fungicides since late 1980's. Herbicide application has covered almost all habitats, including crop fields, orchards, forests, parks and natural water body. Such a large-scale application might have transferred herbicide residues into aquatic ecosystems, resulting in disfunction of hydrophytes as primary producers in energy flow. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of 12 herbicides (i.e. acetochlor, butachlor, metribuzin, fuazifop-P-butyl, isoprotuin, benazolin-ethyl, MCPA, quinclorac, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, 2,4-D, fluroxypyr, and cinmethylin) on the growth and development of two hydrophytes, Ceratophyllum demersum and Spirodela polyrhiza (L.) Schleid,which were collected from natural water body in suburbs of Yangzhou City, and to determine changes in chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, respiratory rate and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) of C. demersum in response to treatment of water body with butachlor at five different concentrations. The results showed that acetochlor, butachlor and cinmethylin significantly suppressed the growth and development of C. demersum and S. polyrhiza (L.) Schleid. The biomass (dried weight) of C. demersum under the laboratory condition of controlled temperature and illumination decreased with increasing butachlor concentrations at 12 days after treatment (DAT), though at 5 DAT and 10 DAT, the biomass did not change significantly, as compared to the control (untreated). At 16 DAT, even significant negative correlation was shown between the dried weight of C. demersum and butachlor concentration, fitting to the regression equation: Y=0.6638-0.03347X(r=-0.9167). The photosynthetic experiment demonstrated that the oxygen emitting rate of C. demersum following butachlor treatment declined significantly while the rate of the untreated control was relatively constant during test periods. At 16 DAT, the oxygen emitting rate of the samples treated with 2, 4, 6, 8 mg/L of butachlor reduced by 36.02, 41.64, 42.74 and 48.43% in comparison to the control, respectively. The oxygen emitting rate of C. demersum was negatively correlated with the concentration of butachlor treatment (r=-0.879). The oxygen consumption rate of C. demersum subjected to treatment at 4, 6 and 8 mg/L of butachlor also decreased by 25.87, 66.64 and 67.94% at 10 DAT, as compared to the control. Furthermore, the treatment of butachlor influenced other two physiological indexes of the hydrophyte as well. The chlorophyll content of C. demersum tended to decrease with increased butachlor concentration at 12, 14 and 16 DAT. The glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity of C. demersum following the herbicide treatment varied with butachlor concentration. At a high concentration (8 mg/L), the GST activity was minimized at 5 DAT and then gradually recovered to a normal level at 12 DAT; at a low concentration (1 mg/L), the activity was significantly higher than that of the control and those of the samples treated with higher concentrations at 5 and 10 DAT, but significantly lower than that of control at 16 DAT. Since the GST is a detoxification enzyme, a butachlor-caused low activity indicates that the herbicide treatment can reduce the function of detoxification in C. demersum." @default.
• W2388729884 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2388729884 date "2004-01-01" @default.
• W2388729884 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2388729884 title "Impact of herbicides on physiology and ecology of hydrophytes" @default.
• W2388729884 hasPublicationYear "2004" @default.
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