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• W2390314872 abstract "Adherence of fouling organisms can increase the resistance,reduce the speed of ships,consume more fuel,and cause unfavorable influence on the combat capability of naval vessels and the economic benefits of civil ships.Moreover,they also plug seawater piping systems,restrict water flow,and cause the loss of water supply and cooling efficiency.Other harmful effects of marine fouling include changing metal corrosion processes,causing local and perforated corrosion,decreasing the sensitivity of instruments and serviceability of movable components,interfering with the operation of underwater equipment and devices;adding to the dead weight of marine structures,heightening the barycenter,and greatly increase the hydrodynamic loading effect.In aquaculture industry,fouling organisms compete with cultivated shellfish for food and substrate resources,block the mesh of net cages,impede water circulation,hinder the growth and development of cultured species,and impair the quality of marine fishery products.Huanghai and Bohai Seas are located in temperate zone.The fouling organisms are composed of temperate and eurytopic species,including molluscs,bryozoans,crustaceans,polychaetes,coelenterates,ascidians and algae.Of them,the dominant species of bivalve molluscs are mussel Mytilus edulis and oyster Alectryonella plicatula.The major species of bryozoans are Bugula stolonifera and Tricellaria occidentalis.Crustaceans are dominated by acorn barnacles Balanus amphitrite,B.improvisus and B.uliginosus.The dominant species of polychaetes are Hydroides elegans,H.ezoensis,Serpula vermicularis and Harmothoё imbricata.Hydroids Bougainvillia sp.,Clytia hemisphaerica,Tubularia marina and Obelia geniculata are the dominant species of coelenterates,and their abundances are closely related to the seasonal variation.The dominant species of ascidians,are Styela clava and Molgula manhattensis.And those for algae are Ulva lactuca,Enteromorpha intestinalis,Scytosiphon lomentarius and Polysiphonia urceolata.Due to the difference of marine environmental factors and geographical locations,the type and extent of marine fouling in Bohai and Huanghai Seas may change greatly.In semi-enclosed and sheltered waters,both species number and biomass of fouling organisms are small.The major species are oyster Ostrea denselamellosa,bryozoans and ascidians,and acorn barnacles are less.In hyposaline waters,where the run-off is rich,the component of dominant species includes acorn barnacle B.uliginosus and oyster Crassostrea gigas.In open hypersaline coastal waters,the number of fouling species increases greatly,and the fouling community becomes more complex with large biomass.In offshore waters,mussel Mytilus edulis dominates the fouling community.Moreover,under the influence of water temperature,the species composition and biomass of marine fouling organisms in Bohai and Huanghai Seas vary greatly with season.In summer and autumn,the number of species and biomass of fouling communities reach maximum values commonly,and followed by spring.In winter,there is little fouling because of low temperature.Moreover,the adhesive duration of the marine fouling organisms extends gradually from north to south waters.Furthermore,marine fouling is also influenced by the period of submersion of man-made structures.Normally bivalve molluscs,such as oysters and mussels,become dominant species gradually in the long-term fouling communities because these species with large size,rapid growth and long lifespan are more competitive and cover or displace other organisms.In general,the type and pattern of fouling communities in Bohai and Huanghai Seas are similar to those in the adjacent waters of Japan and southern Korea.However,compared with those in East and South China Seas,there is a significant difference between them.For better understanding the dynamics and development of the fouling community,future work should be focused on the multivariate statistical analysis and ecological mathematics model under the further investigation of marine fouling and relevant environmental parameters." @default.
• W2390314872 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2390314872 date "2008-01-01" @default.
• W2390314872 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2390314872 title "Ecology of marine fouling organism in Huanghai and Bohai Seas" @default.
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