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• W2392945093 abstract "【Objective】Nitrogen(N) is the main nutrient factor limiting wheat yield increase on dryland. Unreasonable application of N fertilizer not only makes it difficult to increase wheat yield, but also leads to increased nitrate N(NO3--N) residual in soil, enhanced N losses, and reduced N use efficiency. Therefore, it is of great significance to optimize the method of N fertilizer recommendation and solve the problem of unreasonable N fertilizer application for the sustainable production of wheat on dryland.【Method】 Based on balancing N output from soil by crop production and aimed at stabilizing crop yield, improving soil fertility and regulating NO3--N residual, the present method for Recommendation of N fertilizer Based on Monitoring NO3--N in 1.0 m Soil(RNBM, N application rate = N required for the target crop yield + Fertilizer N losses + Safety threshold of NO3--N in 1 m soil at harvest or before sowing(55.0/110.0 kg·hm-2)- N input from environment- N input with straw retention- N input with seed- Soil N mineralization during winter wheat growing season- NO3--N in 1m soil at harvest or sowing) was optimized to be as: N application rate = N required for the target crop yield + Safety threshold of NO3--N in 1 m soil at harvest or before sowing(55.0/110.0 kg·hm-2)-NO3--N in 1 m soil at harvest or before sowing. Using the optimized RNBM, two-year field experiments on 30 plots were carried out in six counties on Weibei Arid Tableland in Shaanxi Province. 【Result】 As the result of chronically unreasonable application of N fertilizer due to the lack of normative N fertilizer recommendation methods, it was found that in this region, the NO3--N residual in 1.0 m soil at sowing varied largely among different sites from 34.2 kg·hm-2 to 708.4 kg·hm-2, with the average to be 165.2 kg·hm-2and 17 of 30 sites higher than 110.0 kg·hm-2. Nitrogen application rates determined by the optimized RNBM ranged from 30.0 kg·hm-2 to 247.3 kg·hm-2, with the average of 128.4 kg·hm-2, which was 25.2% lower compared to that(171.6 kg·hm-2)of the farmer's practice(FP). The averaged wheat grain yield by the optimized RNBM and FP was respectively 5 658 kg·hm-2 and 5 489 kg·hm-2, grain N concentration was 20.8 g·kg-1 and 20.3 g·kg-1, showing no significant difference. Compared to FP, the optimized RNBM significantly increased N use efficiency(NUE) and partial fertilizer productivity of N(PFPN) by 24.0%(from 46.3% to 57.3 %) and 130.1%(from 34.9 kg·kg-1 to 80.3 kg·kg-1), respectively. At harvest time, NO3--N residual in 1.0 m soil under FP was found averaged to be 70.6 kg·hm-2(17.4 kg·hm-2 to 203.4 kg·hm-2), and that under the optimized RNBM was only 51.4 kg·hm-2(15.6 kg·hm-2 to 113.9 kg·hm-2), a little bit lower than the expected target of 55.0 kg·hm-2. During the rainfall intensive summer fallow, NO3--N leached from 0 to 100 cm soil layer under the optimized RNBM was observed to be reduced by 47.9% compared to the FP. 【Conclusion】Therefore, the optimized RNBM is able to be flexibly used to determine and effectively regulate the N fertilizer rate, stabilize wheat grain yield, increase NUE and PFPN, and minimize NO3--N residue and leaching in dryland soil." @default.
• W2392945093 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2392945093 date "2014-01-01" @default.
• W2392945093 modified "2023-09-25" @default.
• W2392945093 title "Optimization of Nitrogen Fertilizer Recommendation Technology Based on Soil Test for Winter Wheat on Weibei Dryland" @default.
• W2392945093 hasPublicationYear "2014" @default.
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