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• W2395226481 abstract "Introduction In terms of the study of Roman imperialism, southern Italy poses a peculiar set of problems for the archaeologist or historian, in that several superimposed layers of colonial settlement and ethnic interaction must be unravelled in order to reconstruct patterns of social and ethnic contacts. Conquered by Rome in the early-third century BC and subject to an increasingly high level of colonial settlement from the second century onwards, the Greek communities of the Mezzogiorno were themselves colonies which had displaced the indigenous populations of the region. Given that these indigenous cultures, although literate, did not produce any surviving written history or literature, their existence as perceived by modern scholars is refracted entirely through the eyes of the colonising Greeks, and later, the Romans.The vast majority of the literary sources postdate the Roman conquest, and even when produced by Greek authors, writing in Greek, inevitably reflect the viewpoint of the pro-Roman ruling elites of the empire. Of the indigenous literature of the western Greeks, only small fragments remain, together with the indirect traces of the Timaean source tradition.This school of historiography, derived from the histories of the Sicilian Timaeus of Tauromenion and his imitators, stressed the cyclical nature of history and linked the rise and fall of states to their moral status, and also appears to have reflected the highly conservative political beliefs of Timaeus himself (Momigliano 1959). It was deeply influential in the third and second centuries BC, notably on Cato, who may have relied heavily on Timaeus as a source for the origins of Italic peoples (Cornell 1995, 36-7). Although this approach remained an important strand in later Roman historiography, it was not uncritically accepted. Polybius (Histories 12.3-28) broadly accepts the idea of cyclical developments in history, but is vehemently opposed to Timaeus, whom he castigates for inaccuracy and unwillingness to check facts. The end result is a very strong bias towards the Roman point of view in our understanding of the history of Hellenistic and Roman southern Italy. Literary source material reflects the uneasy imperial relationship between Rome and the Greek world. It cannot simply be jettisoned or ignored a counsel of despair advocated by some works on pre-Roman Italy (Spivey and Stoddart 1990) but it needs to be modified by archaeology if a balanced history of the region is to be written. The double layer of colonialist discourse Roman versus Greek, and Greek versus Italic has also had the effect of obscuring the history of the indigenous populations of southern" @default.
• W2395226481 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2395226481 date "1996-01-01" @default.
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• W2395226481 title "Greeks, Romans, and Others : problems of colonialism and ethnicity in southern Italy" @default.
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