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- W2397795114 abstract "s Six shikonin metabolites were obtained from human intestinal bacteria, Bacteriodes fragilis subsp. thetaotus, following biotransformation. The transformation of shikonin (1) was performed anaerobically for 3 day at 37°C in the bacterial suspension of B. fragilis which was cultured overnight in GAM broth. The incubation mixture was extracted with EtOAc to give a dark-brown residue. The residue was applied to a silica gel column, which was eluted successively with hexane (Fr. A), CHCl 3 (Fr. B), and CHCl 3 :MeOH (9:1) (Fr. C). Six metabolites, Fr.A (2 and 3), Fr. B ( 6 and 7), and Fr. C (4 and 5) were isolated by repeated silica gel column chromatography, preparative TLC, followed by Sephadex LH-20. In vitro cytotoxicities were tested against human tumor cell lines; PC-3 (prostate), ACHN (renal), A549 (lung), SW620 (colon), K562 (leukemia), and Du145 (prostate). The shikonin metabolites 2, 4, 5, and 6 showed weaker cytotoxicity than the parent shikonin (1), whereas shikonin monomeric metabolite 3 (ED 50 0.44- 1.22 μg/ml) and dimeric metabolite 7 (ED 50 0.48-2.35 μg/ml) exhibited stronger activities compared with adriamycin, which was used as the positive control." @default.
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- W2397795114 date "2000-01-01" @default.
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- W2397795114 title "Cytotoxicity of shikonin metabolites with biotransformation of human intestinal bacteria" @default.
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