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• W2398057897 abstract "We give an enumeration of possible problem frames, based on domain characteristics, and comment on the usefulness of the obtained frames. In particular, we investigate problem domains and their characteristics in detail. This leads to fine-grained criteria for describing problem domains. As a result, we identify a new type of problem domain and come up with integrity conditions for developing useful problem frames. Taking a complete enumeration of possible problem frames (with at most three problem domains, of which only one is constrained) as a basis, we find 8 new problem frames, 7 of which we consider as useful in practical software development. 1 Audience and Motivation Imagine you are a requirements engineer and your task is to model customer wishes, which is a crucial activity in the beginning of the software development process. Maybe, you make use of modeling techniques such as provided by the Unified Modeling Language (UML) [For06] and represent requirements by means of a use case diagram, such as given for “The customer can order a book by completing the online form.” in Fig. 1. order blank fill out online bookstore customer Figure 1: A use case for completing an online order • What if you have already solved such a kind of problem in the past? • Would it be possible to reuse your former solution for the given problem? • What if you were aided in identifying recurring problems and hence benefit from corresponding, existing solutions? • Wouldn’t it be nice to reuse your problem-solving experience that you gained in preceding projects or even some particular development artifacts? That is where patterns usually come into play. This paper addresses researchers working with patterns for describing software development problems, who are interested in the basic concepts of problem frames [Jac01]. But we also want to encourage interested members of the pattern community to continue reading, because we belief that understanding the nature of a problem is the key to its solution. 2 The Problem Frames Approach It is a widely accepted opinion that pattern-orientation is a promising approach to software development. Patterns are a means to reuse software development knowledge on different levels of abstraction. They classify sets of software development problems or solutions that share the same behavioral or structural concepts. Today, patterns are defined for different activities in the software engineering life cycle. Problem Frames [Jac01] are patterns that classify software development problems and can be referred to as “problem patterns”. Architectural styles are patterns that characterize software architectures [SG96, BMR96]. They are also called “architectural patterns”. Design Patterns are used for finer-grained software design and have been introduced on the level of detailed object-oriented design [GHJV95], while frameworks [FJ99] are considered as less abstract, more specialized. Finally, idioms are low-level patterns related to specific programming languages [BMR96], and are sometimes called “code patterns”. Using patterns, we can hope to construct software in a systematic way, making use of a body of accumulated knowledge, instead of starting from scratch each time. CT!{fill out, submit} OR!{completed} CT!{fill out, submit} Customer OR!{OrderData} OB!{recordData} Online bookstore Order" @default.
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• W2398057897 date "2007-01-01" @default.
• W2398057897 modified "2023-09-24" @default.
• W2398057897 title "A Systematic Account of Problem Frames." @default.
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