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• W2398132630 abstract "Les représentations sociales et la stigmatisation des troubles bipolaires (TB), nommés « Psychose maniaco-dépressive » (PMD) en France jusqu’au début des années 1990, connaissent des mutations ces dernières décennies. À l’heure de la révision de la Classification Internationale des Maladies et du débat sur l’abandon du terme de « schizophrénie », la réflexion sur les conséquences des dénominations nosographiques est nécessaire. Cette synthèse critique de la littérature scientifique analyse et compare la représentation sociale et la stigmatisation des TB et des troubles psychotiques, puis évalue les conséquences du changement de dénomination nosographique de PMD à TB. De nos jours, les TB jouissent d’une meilleure représentation sociale que les troubles psychotiques, en termes de perception de la dangerosité et du handicap, comme d’espoir de guérison. De ce fait, les patients souffrant de TB souffrent moins de la stigmatisation. Cette situation résulte en partie du fait que le terme de TB implique une vision moins stigmatisante que celui de PMD. Cette dénomination implique, en effet, une vision dimensionnelle moins aliénante que celle de psychose. En conclusion, l’abandon du terme de « psychose » apparaît capital dans l’évolution observée des représentations sociales et de la stigmatisation des TB. Stigma affects subjects with psychiatric disorders and has a significant impact on their disability, particularly because of a following lack of adherence in cares and medications. Bipolar disorders (BD) were named “manic-depressive psychosis” in France until the 1990s. Then, social representations and stigma of BD underwent major changes in recent decades. At a time of the revision of the International Classification of Diseases and of the discussion about changing the “schizophrenia” name, consideration about stigma consequences of the disease name in nosography appears as a major issue. Thus, this critical analysis and literature synthesis aimed: i) to compare social representations and stigma of BD and psychotic disorders, and ii) to assess the consequences of the change of name from manic-depressive psychosis to BD. Firstly, we summed the nosographic history of BD and introduced the concepts of social representation, stigma and discrimination. Subsequently, we analysed the consequences of the change of name at social and medical levels. Finally, we compared the stigma of BD and the stigma of psychotic disorders, and analysed the naming influence. Subjects with psychiatric disorders daily experience stigma and discriminations. Social representations of psychosis are negative and lead to violence and baseless fear related ideas. Nowadays, BD benefit from a better social representation than psychotic disorders. Indeed, findings from the scientific literature demonstrated that BD are associated with less fear and social distance. Moreover, the disability and potential recovery are perceived better for subjects with BD. This situation appears to be, at least in part, the consequence of the change of name from manic-depressive psychosis to BD. The term “disorder” involves more a dimensional view, i.e. a recovery more expected, and is less stigmatising. Secondly, the abandon of the term “psychosis” raises less fear and “abnormality”-related ideas. Social representations and stigma of subjects with BD remain for these patients a brake on their recovery and empowerment. Thus efforts to struggle them have to be continued. However, the social representations of subjects with BD are better than for subjects with psychotic disorders. The change of name for “bipolar disorders” appears to be partly responsible for this improvement." @default.
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• W2398132630 date "2017-07-01" @default.
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• W2398132630 title "De « Psychose maniaco-dépressive » à « Troubles bipolaires » : une histoire des représentations sociales et de la stigmatisation en rapport avec la nosographie" @default.
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• W2398132630 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amp.2016.02.015" @default.
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