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- W2406942148 abstract "ABSTRACT Iron is abundant in sediments, where it can be biogeochemically cycled between its divalent and trivalent redox states. The neutrophilic microbiological Fe cycle involves Fe(III)-reducing and three different physiological groups of Fe(II)-oxidizing microorganisms, i.e., microaerophilic, anoxygenic phototrophic, and nitrate-reducing Fe(II) oxidizers. However, it is unknown whether all three groups coexist in one habitat and how they are spatially distributed in relation to gradients of O 2 , light, nitrate, and Fe(II). We examined two coastal marine sediments in Aarhus Bay, Denmark, by cultivation and most probable number (MPN) studies for Fe(II) oxidizers and Fe(III) reducers and by quantitative-PCR (qPCR) assays for microaerophilic Fe(II) oxidizers. Our results demonstrate the coexistence of all three metabolic types of Fe(II) oxidizers and Fe(III) reducers. In qPCR, microaerophilic Fe(II) oxidizers ( Zetaproteobacteria ) were present with up to 3.2 × 10 6 cells g dry sediment −1 . In MPNs, nitrate-reducing Fe(II) oxidizers, anoxygenic phototrophic Fe(II) oxidizers, and Fe(III) reducers reached cell numbers of up to 3.5 × 10 4 , 3.1 × 10 2 , and 4.4 × 10 4 g dry sediment −1 , respectively. O 2 and light penetrated only a few millimeters, but the depth distribution of the different iron metabolizers did not correlate with the profile of O 2 , Fe(II), or light. Instead, abundances were homogeneous within the upper 3 cm of the sediment, probably due to wave-induced sediment reworking and bioturbation. In microaerophilic Fe(II)-oxidizing enrichment cultures, strains belonging to the Zetaproteobacteria were identified. Photoferrotrophic enrichments contained strains related to Chlorobium and Rhodobacter ; the nitrate-reducing Fe(II) enrichments contained strains related to Hoeflea and Denitromonas . This study shows the coexistence of all three types of Fe(II) oxidizers in two near-shore marine environments and the potential for competition and interrelationships between them." @default.
- W2406942148 created "2016-06-24" @default.
- W2406942148 creator A5028697698 @default.
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- W2406942148 creator A5085281064 @default.
- W2406942148 creator A5085453092 @default.
- W2406942148 creator A5088877347 @default.
- W2406942148 date "2016-03-01" @default.
- W2406942148 modified "2023-10-09" @default.
- W2406942148 title "Coexistence of Microaerophilic, Nitrate-Reducing, and Phototrophic Fe(II) Oxidizers and Fe(III) Reducers in Coastal Marine Sediment" @default.
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