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• W2409890909 abstract "Coffee, often referred to as ‘Brown Gold’, is a popular beverage crop produced in more than 80 countries including India, having an annual turnover of ca. US$ 70 billion globally. This economically important plantation crop of tropics and subtropics comprises only two commercial species, Coffea arabica L. and Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner (popularly known as arabica and robusta coffee, respectively) although there exists large number of Coffea species worldwide. C. arabica L. is the only allotetraploid species (2n = 4x = 44) in the genus and self-fertile while all other species including C. canephora are diploids (2n = 22) and self-incompatible. Arabica and robusta coffee types differ significantly in terms of phenotype, agronomic behaviour, bean and liquor quality, and breeding behaviour as well as genetic variability in their extant germplasm. Arabicas produce superior quality coffee but are susceptible to major diseases and pests while robustas are more tolerant to the diseases and pests but the bean and the liquor qualities are inferior to arabicas. Therefore, the major focus of coffee improvement in India is on the development of high-yielding hybrids having durable host resistance in arabica and evolving drought-tolerant robusta genotypes to cope with the changing climate, more efficiently. Till date, the Central Coffee Research Institute (CCRI), India, has developed 13 improved arabica and three robusta selections for commercial cultivation, by employing conventional breeding approaches and utilizing coffee germplasm that was introduced in the nineteenth century through multiple international expeditions. Occurrence of spontaneous tetraploid inter-specific hybrids between tetraploid arabica and other diploid species has also facilitated arabica coffee improvement through introgressive breeding. More recently, the DNA marker tools and technologies that provide new opportunities to overcome some of the limitations of the conventional breeding strategies are being integrated for more precise characterization of primary as well as secondary gene pools for exploitation in breeding through marker-assisted selection. This chapter highlights the key aspects of Indian coffee sector vis-a-vis world scenario and unique features of Indian coffee cultivation, genetic resources, analysis and exploitation of genetic diversity for crop improvement through conventional breeding." @default.
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• W2409890909 date "2016-01-01" @default.
• W2409890909 modified "2023-09-23" @default.
• W2409890909 title "Genetic Diversity and Coffee Improvement in India" @default.
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• W2409890909 doi "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27090-6_11" @default.
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