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• W2411388217 startingPage "49" @default.
• W2411388217 abstract "This paper will review 1) experimental models of drug-seeking behavior and 2) mechanisms underlying the behavior, focusing on cocaine self-administration. After the acquisition of self-administration, vigorous lever-pressing is generally observable after the drug was replaced by saline. This lever-pressing behavior under saline infusion can be considered drug-seeking behavior. Drug-seeking behavior is reinstated by non-contingent injection of the drug, stress exposure and presentation of drug-associated stimuli even after extinction. This is called a relapse/reinstatement model. Electrophysiological studies showed that the majority of accumbal neurons is tonically inhibited during cocaine self-administration and exhibited phasic increases in firing time-locked to cocaine self-infusion, which might represent the craving state or drive animals to drug-seeking behavior. Voltammetry and microdialysis studies indicated that the timing of drug-seeking responses can be predicted from fluctuations in accumbal extracellular dopamine concentration. Whereas dopamine D2-like agonists reinstated extinguished cocaine-seeking behavior, D1-like agonists prevented the relapse in cocaine-seeking behavior induced by cocaine itself. Given that an AMPA receptor antagonist, but not dopamine antagonist, prevented cocaine-seeking behavior induced by cocaine, glutamate transmission in the nucleus accumbens is thought to be important for expression of craving or drug-seeking behavior." @default.
• W2411388217 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W2411388217 date "2001-01-01" @default.
• W2411388217 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2411388217 title "New Developments in Drug Dependence Studies. Animal models of drug dependence using the drug self-administration method." @default.
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• W2411388217 doi "https://doi.org/10.1254/fpj.117.49" @default.
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