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• W2419485859 abstract "Evidence is accumulating that it will be necessary to reduce global dioxide emissions and other anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gases. Most of the proposed measures appear to be insufficient in causing a sufficient reduction by themselves and in very few cases a stabilization of global dioxide emissions. Thus, it would be prudent in the to expand the range of policy options that can help reduce the emissions. Furthermore, most of the proposed reduction measures such as taxes, tradable permits, national or per capita emission quotas are all associated with numerous and complex global tradeoffs and important equity issues. This paper represents an attempt to develop a yardstick for establishing equitable criteria for greenhouse gas reduction strategies. The timeliness and policy relevance of such research is illustrated by ongoing discussions about international and intergenerational inequalities that can be expected to result from climate change and possibly also from many of the proposed response strategies. For example, if such policies were only based on current per capita emission levels, they would place an unequal burden on the developing countries and their populations. Industrialization has brought hitherto unknown wealth to the developed parts of the world but also high dioxide emission levels since the 19th century. Much of these emissions from last century still remain in the atmosphere due to long residence time for dioxide. Thus, a significant share of current atmospheric concentration of anthropogenic dioxide is due to historical emissions above and beyond the factor of ten difference in current per capita emissions between developed and developing countries. Therefore, generations especially in the developing countries will have to bear a potential burden of our current and inherited emissions. This is certainly not equitable for humanity as a whole. A possible criterion of equity would be that every human being, past or future, is allowed the same emission quota on annual basis. This could provide for intergenerational and interpersonal equity throughout the world, but would also imply that some of the developed regions would have an excess of historical emissions or a deficit of annual per capita quotas. Consider further that there exist an ultimate carrying capacity limit to the total (hypothetical cumulative) gigatons of that can be deposited in the atmosphere as a global or carbon credit available to the humanity. How large would this resource have to be in order to fulfill the suggested intergenerational and interpersonal equity criterion? Fujii's analysis shows that the hypothetical resource would have to be in excess of 1,000 gigatons, probably way too much from the perspective of potential global warming. This analysis reveals significant regional and intergenerational disparities in historical contributions to current atmospheric dioxide concentration and to cumulative emissions. In terms of cumulative person-years, the developed countries have contributed the lion's share to current concentrations, while the majority of future person-years will he in the now developing countries that would he forced to offset the large historical emission deficit of past generations in the industrialized countries. These disparities in per capita annual emissions ought to be considered in negotiations on greenhouse gas reductions, in the corresponding policies and any international accounting system. Even if it turns out that equity does not necessarily imply interpersonal and intergenerational equality of emission permits on annual basis, the analysis in this paper can provide a yardstick for the assessment of other equity criteria that would extend beyond the current generation and current emissions." @default.
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• W2419485859 date "1990-10-01" @default.
• W2419485859 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2419485859 title "An Assessment of the Responsibility for the Increase in the CO2 Concentration and Inter-generational Carbon Accounts" @default.
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