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• W244328350 abstract "ALTHOUGH HE BEGAN writing before the birth of general semantics, Carl Sandburg (1878-1967) seems to have been guided by ideas closely related to general semantics formulations, especially those of non-identity, non-allness, self-reflexiveness, and the use of the extensional devices. Joseph De Vito, in his introduction to the tutorial cassette program, General Semantics: Guide and Workbook (1), identified what he characterized as three deceptively simple principles of General Semantics: 1. The principle of non-identity -- no two things in the universe are identical, and no one thing is the same at two different times. 2. The principle of non-allness -- we can never know all about any-thing. 3. The principle of self-reflexiveness -- the observer is a part of what he observes. To help us internalize these principles, Korzybski has given us extensional devices to make our verbal maps more accurately fit the territory they represent: 1. The index subscript -- reminding us that no two things are ever the same even though they may have the same word or label, e.g., car[.sub.1], car[.sub.2]. 2. The date subscript -- reminding us that nothing remains the same over time, e.g., car[.sub.1916], car[.sub.2005]. 3. The etc., -- emphasizing that we can never say all about anything. By incorporating these devices into our evaluations, we approach our life situations more sanely, fostering a healthy extensional orientation--defined by Susan and Bruce Kodish in Drive Yourself Sane as attitude towards living which involves orienting ourselves primarily to non-verbal happenings and 'facts,' with the ability to use intensional approaches when appropriate. (2, p.169) Many of Carl Sandburg's reflective poems provide concrete visual details that vividly illustrate the general semantics extensional devices. Conversely, the general semantics extensional devices provide insights into Sandburg's poetry. Getting extensional seemed a perennial theme for this populist activist poet. His poem (3) illustrates the erroneousness of separating reified high order abstractions from the numerous concrete point events from which they were abstracted. The last two lines of the poem suggest that the narrator has switched from a stressful, purely intensional orientation to a more tranquil, extensional one: I asked the professors who teach the meaning of life to tell me what is happiness. And I went to famous executives who boss the work of thousands of men. They all shook their heads and gave me a smile as though I was trying to fool with them And then one Sunday afternoon I wandered out along the Desplaines river And I saw a crowd of Hungarians under the trees with their women and children and a keg of beer and an accordion. Dr. Sanford I. Berman in his cassette presentation on The Semantics of Happiness (4) has pointed out the futility of defining happiness (or any other reified high order abstraction) apart from the event level that has unique significance to every human being: is a high order abstraction, and each person has his own definition. Some people are happy by living a life of leisure, or a hobo's existence, while others are happy if they make more and more money. Some people are happy by living the life of a scholar-- reading, doing research, learning, gaining knowledge--while others are happy going out every night to parties, social affairs, nightclubs and country clubs. Whether or not these people are really happy, whatever that means, is another question, which can, perhaps, be best determined by a psychiatrist. In a lesson on high order abstractions, Berman points out the ambiguity that accrues from using terms that have many simultaneous meanings, or using terms that mean different things on different levels of abstraction or specificity: Now, one of the dangers of high order abstractions is that they are often ambiguous. …" @default.
• W244328350 created "2016-06-24" @default.
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• W244328350 date "2005-10-01" @default.
• W244328350 modified "2023-09-26" @default.
• W244328350 title "Using GS Extensional Devices to Explore Carl Sandburg's Poetry" @default.
• W244328350 hasPublicationYear "2005" @default.
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