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- W2461367357 abstract "The paper by Loman et al (Ophthalmology 2002;109:1032–8) addresses important aspects of myopia risk factors. Parental history of myopia previously has been found to be associated with myopia in different studies,1Zadnik K. Satariano W.A. Mutti D.O. et al.The effect of parental history of myopia on children’s eye size.JAMA. 1994; 271: 1323-1327Crossref PubMed Scopus (270) Google Scholar, 2Pacella R. McLellan J. Grice K. et al.Role of genetic factors in the etiology of juvenile-onset myopia based on a longitudinal study of refractive error.Optom Vis Sci. 1999; 76: 381-386Crossref PubMed Scopus (122) Google Scholar, 3Goss D.A. Jackson T.W. Clinical findings before the onset of myopia in youth parental history of myopia.Optom Vis Sci. 1996; 73: 279-282Crossref PubMed Scopus (47) Google Scholar but not in the present one. An analysis of the Subjects and Methods of this study could explain this unexpected result. As the authors show, there is a very high prevalence of myopia among these third-year law students (65.5%) compared with the prevalence4Sperduto R.D. Seigel D. Roberts J. Rowland M. Prevalence of myopia in the United States.Arch Ophthalmol. 1983; 101: 405-407Crossref PubMed Scopus (495) Google Scholar in the American population (30%). But a similar high prevalence of myopia was noted among the parents of these students (79% of them had at least one myopic parent). Of the possible 354 parents of the 177 students, 218 (61.58%) were myopic (derived from the figures in Table 1). This is a very high prevalence for parents that could represent a sample of the general population. The type of question about parental history is crucial in retrospective questionnaires. Indirect methods,5Walline J.J. Zadnik K. Mutti D.O. Validity of surveys reporting myopia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.Optom Vis Sci. 1996; 73: 376-381Crossref PubMed Scopus (56) Google Scholar asking whether the parent used lenses for far distance or near distance, give lower rates of “don’t know” responses than direct questions (as “Was your father near-sighted?”). Students had an average age of 27 years in this study, so their parents should be 50 to 60 years old, ages at which nonmyopes are presbiopic. It is possible that some respondents confused myopia with presbiopia, depending on the type of question that the researchers used. The authors do not address this. We do not have any information about the rate of unanswered questions. Because 66.4% of these students had the onset of their myopia before college (Table 2), they represent a population of youth-onset myopes, a group that has been associated with family history before. So it is possible that some kind of bias in the questionnaire has included presbiopic parents as if they were myopic, and thus the previous association could not be found. Author replyOphthalmologyVol. 110Issue 6Preview Full-Text PDF" @default.
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- W2461367357 doi "https://doi.org/10.1016/s0161-6420(02)01987-5" @default.
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