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• W2466874845 abstract "SummaryIn our countries, most infants are born endowed with maternal antibodies against such diseases as measles, chicken-pox and mumps, with which their mother had been affected once; they also possess antibodies against such diseases as poliomyelitis and herpes simplex, towards which the mothers were immunized without their knowing it, as there were no obvious clinical symptoms.When 6 months old, and deprived of the maternal passive antibodies, the baby must rely on his own personal resistance against viruses. Does this resistance vary from one child to another, and is it influenced by hereditary factors? An American inquiry, which ought to be repeated, showed that, in some families, the chances to get paralytic poliomyelitis are abnormally great. In mice, some strains are highly resistant to one yellow fever virus; after crossing with mice of a sensible strain, resistance is transmitted to the offspring according to the Mendel laws, as a dominant character.The immunity provoked by a viral infection is often different from that elicited by vaccination : in both cases, antibodies appear in the blood stream but only the disease itself ensures an intense local immunity, in the organ where virus multiplication takes place (e. g. lung in the influenzal pneumonia of mice). For each case studied, this local immunity is related to a localized concentration of antibodies, and not to a resistance acquired by the cells from their own.Tho what extent do the antibodies influence the course of a viral infection ? While in its intracellular phase of growth, the virus is sheltered from the action of antibodies. It seems that in some cases (e. g. recurrent herpes) virus can even be propagated from one cell to the neighbouring one, without being liberated into the surrounding medium, and without being exposed to the antibodies.Aside from the neutralizing antibodies, most viral diseases yield another kind of antibodies, which are detected in complement fixation tests. These are transient and not very specific; they depend on the intracellular multiplication of the virus, and are generally not found in vaccinated people. Their persistance, after an herpetic or a psittacotic infection, for instance, indicates that virus has established itself in the organism, under a latent form, and that relapses must be feared.Protection confered by most of viral diseases is generally permanent, however common cold and influenza only bring a transient immunity. As far as influenza is concerned, this fact is not due to a peculiar lability of the antibodies, but to a remarkable power of adaptation with which the influenza virus is endowed : frequent mutations furnish, every two years or so, a new antigenic variant, which can infect even those persons who have already been immunized against the preceeding strains." @default.
• W2466874845 created "2016-07-22" @default.
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• W2466874845 date "1956-03-01" @default.
• W2466874845 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W2466874845 title "L’Immunite Dans Les Maladies A Virus" @default.
• W2466874845 doi "https://doi.org/10.1080/17843286.1956.11717395" @default.
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