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- W2469937984 abstract "Extreme reproductive skew towards particular females is a defining feature of the eusocial Hymenoptera and workers are completely sterile in at least 13 genera. The evolution of worker sterility is problematic because an individual that has decreased fertility has reduced direct fitness. Here we review the major theories that seek to explain the evolution of eusociality and discuss how “genes for altruism,” in terms of reproduction, might be identified. We then review the experimental approaches used to identify the genetic basis of worker sterility, particularly in honey bees. Eight gene signaling pathways are likely to be involved in regulating worker fertility: insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling (IIS); juvenile hormone; ecdysteroid; mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR); dopamine; mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK); epidermal growth factor receptor (Egfr), and wingless-related MMTV integration site (Wnt). We focus our discussion of the developmental mechanisms that underlie worker sterility on specific “reproductive control points” that regulate worker fertility both pre- and post-eclosion. We propose that environmental cues (such as queen pheromone) interact with particular signaling pathways to regulate the control points and reduce the reproductive capacity of the worker. We suggest that the mechanism common to all the control points, and therefore underlying worker sterility, is programmed cell death. Our review concludes with a mechanistic scenario for the evolution of worker sterility." @default.
- W2469937984 created "2016-07-22" @default.
- W2469937984 creator A5006767124 @default.
- W2469937984 creator A5008179662 @default.
- W2469937984 creator A5027677593 @default.
- W2469937984 date "2016-01-01" @default.
- W2469937984 modified "2023-10-01" @default.
- W2469937984 title "The Mechanistic, Genetic, and Evolutionary Basis of Worker Sterility in the Social Hymenoptera" @default.
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