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• W247029221 abstract "ABSTRACT. The geomorphology of the Iron Gates Natural Park represents an important natural dimension of the region, as flora, fauna, hydrology and even microclimate and economy are intimately related to it. The Danube Valley in this area develops many active geomorphological processes because of its favorable environment. Generally, those very active geomorphological processes are caused by: the important slopes' fragmentation, the steep slopes and the small surfaces of forests. This paper represents a short analysis of the authors' results from the researches concerning the geomorphological modeling of the Iron Gates slopes and especially of the Ecelnita hydrographical basin slopes. The conclusions are obvious, and they are directly related with many geographical characteristics as: geographical position, geology, climate, baseline fluctuations of the Danube waters.Keywords: Iron Gates, E§elnita, erosion, geomorphological modelingIntroductionThe Iron Gates Natural Park, as one of the most important natural park of Romania, disposes especially in the last years of many scientific researches in the field of geomorphology, hydrology, geology etc. It is necessarily to have a strong database concerning the area of the Natural Park in order to have more accurate managing activities.The Ecelniia River (fig. 1) is a left Danube tributary and one of the most important river in this area. The Ecelnija hydrographic basin has 77 square km, an orientation north-west to south-east and concerning the altitude it reach 1080 m in north in the Svinecea Mare peak and 64 m absolute altitude at the confluence with the Danube waters.The Main Causes of Erosion ProcessesGeomorphological processes are differentiated in several categories, depending on the action of endogenous and exogenous factors. In most cases, processes are triggered under the influence of natural factors characteristics (geology, geomorphology, climate, hydrology, biotic and edaphic cover).A. Geological factors influence the current geomorphological processes through lithological formations and the type of structure that favors a variable percentage of external agent action. The geological components in Ecelnija river basin are represented predominantly by granites and crystalline schist's, all included in the hard rocks category, but is also exposed to disaggregation, alteration, erosion and gravitational processes under favorable conditions.Quaternary formations (gravel, sand, etc.) in the lower sector of the basin are more easily exposed to erosion, thus on the slopes in this area surface flow, gushing and gullying are rapidly triggered.Other processes within the sector (at a reduced percentage), are represented by the collapse of the river banks with no consolidation in the contact area between Ecelnila gulf and the Danube. Some other processes such as shallow creep lenticular type are rarely encountered on the slopes layered by clay and conglomerate.B. Geomorphological FactorsThe Relief.Through its morphometric characteristics, the relief is a support for the unfolding of the current modeling processes. Some morphometric parameters such as slope, elevation, drainage density, relief intensity, slope gradient and slopes exposure will decrease or increase the water flow on slopes leading to particle erosion on soil surfaces and also to rock infiltration (Grecu Fiorina, 2003).Most of the relief within Ecelnija basin falls into the mountain type topography and only a small percentage is represented by hills (in the lower sector of the basin within the Orcova post-tectonic depression).Both relief types have for a fact optimum erosion probability condition, especially on steeper slopes with high relief energy where the vegetation is less compact or eliminated after deforestation.Relief fragmentation is a parameter indicating the hydrographic network density in relation to the area occupied by slopes. …" @default.
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• W247029221 date "2013-07-01" @default.
• W247029221 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
• W247029221 title "Some Geomorfological Investigations on the Slope Erosion Processes and Causes in the Iron Gates Natural Park. Case Study: The Eselnita Hydrographic Basin" @default.
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