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- W2470455870 abstract "Synthetic polyelectrolytes (polymers) are used extensively to promote flocculation in potable water and municipal and in dustrial wastewaters. The pulp and paper, textile, fiberglass, glass and ceramic, paint, metal and metal finishing, mining and pe troleum industries use polyelectrolytes for product recovery and waste treatment. Despite their extensive use and discharge into most water in developed countries, few papers have been pub lished on toxicity or other adverse effects of polyelectrolytes to aquatic organisms. Biesinger et al.1 exposed selected aquatic an imals to six polyelectrolytes and reported acute toxicities of 0.29 mg/L to 345 mg/L. Safe concentrations of polyelectrolytes for fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were reported from 2 to 1000 mg/L.2 Brocksen3 stated that 1 mg/L or less of ? cationic polymer was acutely toxic to rainbow trout (Salmo gairdner?). The Kobunshi Gyoshuzai Konwakai (KGK)4 reported acute toxicities to rainbow trout (0.42 mg/L to 7180 mg/L) for 12 cationic polymers. The acute toxicity of several polyelectrolytes to daphnids (Daphnia magna), fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas), gammarids (Gammarus pseudolimnaeus), and midges (Para tanytarsus parthenogeneticus) was tested in this study. A micro cosm test using five aquatic animals and 10 algal species was also conducted. In addition, tests were made to determine the detoxification of cationic polyelectrolytes by anionic polyelec trolytes and by red, montmorillonite, and kaolinite clays. Gill damage as a result of exposure to a cationic polyelectrolyte was evaluated by microscopic examination of fathead minnow gill tissue." @default.
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- W2470455870 date "2016-01-01" @default.
- W2470455870 modified "2023-09-27" @default.
- W2470455870 title "Effects of synthetic polyelectrolytes on selected aquatic organisms" @default.
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